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Large Language Models (LLMs) are prone to hallucination, especially during multi-hop and reasoning-intensive tasks such as mathematical problem solving. While Outcome Reward Models verify only final answers, Process Reward Models (PRMs)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Tej Deep Pala , Panshul Sharma , Amir Zadeh , Chuan Li , Soujanya Poria

Process Reward Models (PRMs) have recently emerged as a powerful framework for supervising intermediate reasoning steps in large language models (LLMs). Previous PRMs are primarily trained on model final output responses and struggle to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Jiaru Zou , Ling Yang , Jingwen Gu , Jiahao Qiu , Ke Shen , Jingrui He , Mengdi Wang

Process Reward Models (PRMs) have emerged as a promising approach to enhance the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by guiding their step-by-step reasoning toward a final answer. However, existing PRMs either treat each…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 Zheng Zhang , Ziwei Shan , Kaitao Song , Yexin Li , Kan Ren

We present Athena-PRM, a multimodal process reward model (PRM) designed to evaluate the reward score for each step in solving complex reasoning problems. Developing high-performance PRMs typically demands significant time and financial…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Shuai Wang , Zhenhua Liu , Jiaheng Wei , Xuanwu Yin , Dong Li , Emad Barsoum

Currently, process reward models (PRMs) have exhibited remarkable potential for test-time scaling. Since large language models (LLMs) regularly generate flawed intermediate reasoning steps when tackling a broad spectrum of reasoning and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Zhouhao Sun , Xuan Zhang , Xiao Ding , Bibo Cai , Li Du , Kai Xiong , Xinran Dai , Fei Zhang , weidi tang , Zhiyuan Kan , Yang Zhao , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Multimodal Reward Models (MRMs) play a crucial role in enhancing the performance of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). While recent advancements have primarily focused on improving the model structure and training data of MRMs, there…

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated substantial progress in reasoning capabilities, such as DeepSeek-R1, which leverages rule-based reinforcement learning to enhance logical reasoning significantly.…

Large language models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex mathematical reasoning tasks, but they inevitably generate errors throughout multi-step solutions. Process-level Reward Models (PRMs) have shown great promise by…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-05 Jiuzhou Han , Wray Buntine , Ehsan Shareghi

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive chain-of-thought reasoning capabilities, with reinforcement learning (RL) playing a crucial role in this progress. While "aha moment" patterns--where models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-24 Lai Wei , Yuting Li , Kaipeng Zheng , Chen Wang , Yue Wang , Linghe Kong , Lichao Sun , Weiran Huang

Step-level reward models (SRMs) can significantly enhance mathematical reasoning performance through process supervision or step-level preference alignment based on reinforcement learning. The performance of SRMs is pivotal, as they serve…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-03-11 Yiran Ma , Zui Chen , Tianqiao Liu , Mi Tian , Zhuo Liu , Zitao Liu , Weiqi Luo

Recent work on reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has shown that large language models (LLMs) can be substantially improved using outcome-level verification signals, such as unit tests for code or exact-match checks for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Massimiliano Pronesti , Anya Belz , Yufang Hou

Recent work increasingly focuses on improving the reasoning capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). Among existing methods, Process Reward Models (PRMs) stand out for offering dense, step-wise supervision to guide…

Recent large language models (LLMs) achieve near-saturation accuracy on many established mathematical reasoning benchmarks, raising concerns about their ability to diagnose genuine reasoning competence. This saturation largely stems from…

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a promising paradigm for optimizing Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) in complex reasoning tasks. However, traditional outcome-based RL approaches often suffer from reward sparsity and inefficient…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Zhao Wang , Ziliang Zhao , Zhicheng Dou

While reinforcement learning has advanced the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), these gains are largely confined to English, creating a significant performance disparity across languages. To address this, we introduce…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Fahim Faisal , Kaiqiang Song , Song Wang , Simin Ma , Shujian Liu , Haoyun Deng , Sathish Reddy Indurthi

The performance of image generation has been significantly improved in recent years. However, the study of image screening is rare, and its performance with Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) is unsatisfactory due to the lack of data…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-27 Zhiyuan Hu , Zheng Sun , Yi Wei , Long Yu

Reinforcement learning (RL) with unit test feedback has enhanced large language models' (LLMs) code generation, but relies on sparse rewards provided only after complete code evaluation, limiting learning efficiency and incremental…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-05 Ning Dai , Zheng Wu , Renjie Zheng , Ziyun Wei , Wenlei Shi , Xing Jin , Guanlin Liu , Chen Dun , Liang Huang , Lin Yan

With enhanced capabilities and widespread applications, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are increasingly required to process and reason over multiple images simultaneously. However, existing MLLM benchmarks focus either on…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems for Large Language Models (LLMs) hold promise in knowledge-intensive tasks but face limitations in complex multi-step reasoning. While recent methods have integrated RAG with chain-of-thought…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-15 Zhongxiang Sun , Qipeng Wang , Weijie Yu , Xiaoxue Zang , Kai Zheng , Jun Xu , Xiao Zhang , Song Yang , Han Li

While large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced mathematical reasoning, Process Reward Models (PRMs) have been developed to evaluate the logical validity of reasoning steps. However, PRMs still struggle with…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-21 Jiachen Zhu , Congmin Zheng , Jianghao Lin , Kounianhua Du , Ying Wen , Yong Yu , Jun Wang , Weinan Zhang