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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language processing tasks, but their vulnerability to jailbreak attacks poses significant security risks. This survey paper presents a comprehensive analysis…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-18 Tarun Raheja , Nilay Pochhi , F. D. C. M. Curie

Large language models (LLMs) undergo safety alignment to ensure safe conversations with humans. However, this paper introduces a training-free attack method capable of reversing safety alignment, converting the outcomes of stronger…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Zhanhui Zhou , Jie Liu , Zhichen Dong , Jiaheng Liu , Chao Yang , Wanli Ouyang , Yu Qiao

While recent code-specific large language models (LLMs) have greatly enhanced their code generation capabilities, the safety of these models remains under-explored, posing potential risks as insecure code generated by these models may…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-09 Xiangzhe Xu , Zian Su , Jinyao Guo , Kaiyuan Zhang , Zhenting Wang , Xiangyu Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks, which attempt to elicit harmful responses from LLMs. The evolving nature and diversity of these attacks pose many challenges for defense systems, including (1) adaptation…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Guangyu Yang , Jinghong Chen , Jingbiao Mei , Weizhe Lin , Bill Byrne

Reinforcement learning has been successfully used to solve difficult tasks in complex unknown environments. However, these methods typically do not provide any safety guarantees during the learning process. This is particularly problematic,…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2019-07-02 Torsten Koller , Felix Berkenkamp , Matteo Turchetta , Joschka Boedecker , Andreas Krause

As the pre-trained language models (PLMs) continue to grow, so do the hardware and data requirements for fine-tuning PLMs. Therefore, the researchers have come up with a lighter method called \textit{Prompt Learning}. However, during the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-09-07 Yundi Shi , Piji Li , Changchun Yin , Zhaoyang Han , Lu Zhou , Zhe Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance across natural language tasks and are increasingly deployed in real-world applications. Despite extensive safety alignment efforts, recent studies show that such alignment is…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Yinzhi Zhao , Ming Wang , Shi Feng , Xiaocui Yang , Daling Wang , Yifei Zhang

Recent years have seen the wide application of NLP models in crucial areas such as finance, medical treatment, and news media, raising concerns of the model robustness and vulnerabilities. In this paper, we propose a novel prompt-based…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-03-22 Yuting Yang , Pei Huang , Juan Cao , Jintao Li , Yun Lin , Jin Song Dong , Feifei Ma , Jian Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) & Generative AI are transforming cybersecurity, enabling both advanced defenses and new attacks. Organizations now use LLMs for threat detection, code review, and DevSecOps automation, while adversaries leverage…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Kiarash Ahi , Vaibhav Agrawal , Saeed Valizadeh

Federated learning enables learning from decentralized data sources without compromising privacy, which makes it a crucial technique. However, it is vulnerable to model poisoning attacks, where malicious clients interfere with the training…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-07-19 Sungwon Park , Sungwon Han , Fangzhao Wu , Sundong Kim , Bin Zhu , Xing Xie , Meeyoung Cha

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language tasks, but their safety and morality remain contentious due to their training on internet text corpora. To address these concerns, alignment…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-06 Mohammad Bahrami Karkevandi , Nishant Vishwamitra , Peyman Najafirad

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) into mobile GUI agents has significantly enhanced user efficiency and experience. However, this advancement also introduces potential security…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Yulong Yang , Xinshan Yang , Shuaidong Li , Chenhao Lin , Zhengyu Zhao , Chao Shen , Tianwei Zhang

Despite the intrinsic risk-awareness of Large Language Models (LLMs), current defenses often result in shallow safety alignment, rendering models vulnerable to disguised attacks (e.g., prefilling) while degrading utility. To bridge this…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-26 Xianya Fang , Xianying Luo , Yadong Wang , Xiang Chen , Yu Tian , Zequn Sun , Rui Liu , Jun Fang , Naiqiang Tan , Yuanning Cui , Sheng-Jun Huang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used, understanding them systematically is key to improving their safety and realizing their full potential. Although many models are aligned using techniques such as reinforcement learning from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-16 Sajib Biswas , Mao Nishino , Samuel Jacob Chacko , Xiuwen Liu

The remarkable performance of large language models (LLMs) in generation tasks has enabled practitioners to leverage publicly available models to power custom applications, such as chatbots and virtual assistants. However, the data used to…

Recent studies reveal that Large Language Models (LLMs) face challenges in balancing safety with utility, particularly when processing long texts for NLP tasks like summarization and translation. Despite defenses against malicious short…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-27 Yu Fu , Wen Xiao , Jia Chen , Jiachen Li , Evangelos Papalexakis , Aichi Chien , Yue Dong

Traditional security protection methods struggle to address sophisticated attack vectors in large-scale distributed systems, particularly when balancing detection accuracy with data privacy concerns. This paper presents a novel distributed…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-26 Yuqing Wang , Xiao Yang

Harmful fine-tuning attacks pose a major threat to the security of large language models (LLMs), allowing adversaries to compromise safety guardrails with minimal harmful data. While existing defenses attempt to reinforce LLM alignment,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Yuhui Wang , Rongyi Zhu , Ting Wang

As deep learning applications, especially programs of computer vision, are increasingly deployed in our lives, we have to think more urgently about the security of these applications.One effective way to improve the security of deep…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-06-02 Xiao Tan , Jingbo Gao , Ruolin Li

Large Reasoning Models possess remarkable capabilities for self-correction in general domain; however, they frequently struggle to recover from unsafe reasoning trajectories under adversarial attacks. Existing alignment methods attempt to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Dongcheng Zhang , Yi Zhang , Yuxin Chen , An Zhang , Xiang Wang , Chaochao Lu