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Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable progress in medical question answering (QA), yet their effectiveness remains predominantly limited to English due to imbalanced multilingual training data and scarce medical resources for…

Visual Question Answering (VQA) focuses on providing answers to natural language questions by utilizing information from images. Although cutting-edge multimodal large language models (MLLMs) such as GPT-4o achieve strong performance on VQA…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-09 Zhengxuan Zhang , Yin Wu , Yuyu Luo , Nan Tang

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, yet hallucinations in knowledge-intensive tasks remain a critical challenge. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) addresses this by integrating external…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Zhipeng Song , Xiangyu Kong , Xinrui Bao , Yizhi Zhou , Jiulong Jiao , Sitong Liu , Yuhang Zhou , Heng Qi

As large language models (LLMs) continue to grow in size, their abilities to tackle complex tasks have significantly improved. However, issues such as hallucination and the lack of up-to-date knowledge largely remain unresolved. Knowledge…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Lihui Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased impressive reasoning abilities, but often suffer from hallucinations or outdated knowledge. Knowledge Graph (KG)-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) remedies these shortcomings by grounding…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Martin Böckling , Heiko Paulheim , Andreea Iana

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as an effective paradigm for expanding the knowledge capacity of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) by incorporating external knowledge sources into the generation process, and has been…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Xu Yuan , Liangbo Ning , Qingqing Ye , Wenqi Fan , Qing Li

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is a technique used to augment Large Language Models (LLMs) with contextually relevant, time-critical, or domain-specific information without altering the underlying model parameters. However,…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-08-20 Laurent Mombaerts , Terry Ding , Adi Banerjee , Florian Felice , Jonathan Taws , Tarik Borogovac

With the rapid development of large-scale language models, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has been widely adopted. However, existing RAG paradigms are inevitably influenced by erroneous retrieval information, thereby reducing the…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-05-30 Ridong Wu , Shuhong Chen , Xiangbiao Su , Yuankai Zhu , Yifei Liao , Jianming Wu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) introduces additional information to enhance large language models (LLMs). In machine translation (MT), previous work typically retrieves in-context examples from paired MT corpora, or domain-specific…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-01 Jiaan Wang , Fandong Meng , Yingxue Zhang , Jie Zhou

Coreference Resolution (CR) is crucial for many NLP tasks, but existing LLMs struggle with hallucination and under-performance. In this paper, we investigate the limitations of existing LLM-based approaches to CR-specifically the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Yujian Gan , Yuan Liang , Yanni Lin , Juntao Yu , Massimo Poesio

Using tools by Large Language Models (LLMs) is a promising avenue to extend their reach beyond language or conversational settings. The number of tools can scale to thousands as they enable accessing sensory information, fetching updated…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-12-06 Mohammad Kachuee , Sarthak Ahuja , Vaibhav Kumar , Puyang Xu , Xiaohu Liu

Augmenting Large Language Models (LLMs) with information retrieval capabilities (i.e., Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)) has proven beneficial for knowledge-intensive tasks. However, understanding users' contextual search intent when…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-25 Nirmal Roy , Leonardo F. R. Ribeiro , Rexhina Blloshmi , Kevin Small

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a popular technique for using large language models (LLMs) to build customer-support, question-answering solutions. In this paper, we share our team's practical experience building and maintaining…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-10-18 Sarah Packowski , Inge Halilovic , Jenifer Schlotfeldt , Trish Smith

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities but are prone to generating inaccurate or hallucinatory responses. This limitation stems from their reliance on vast pretraining datasets, making them susceptible to errors in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Chi-Min Chan , Chunpu Xu , Ruibin Yuan , Hongyin Luo , Wei Xue , Yike Guo , Jie Fu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) with large language models (LLMs) has demonstrated strong performance in multilingual question-answering (QA) tasks by leveraging relevant passages retrieved from corpora. In multilingual RAG (mRAG), the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-12 Jirui Qi , Raquel Fernández , Arianna Bisazza

In today's rapidly evolving landscape of Artificial Intelligence, large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a vibrant research topic. LLMs find applications in various fields and contribute significantly. Despite their powerful language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-10 Tuan Bui , Oanh Tran , Phuong Nguyen , Bao Ho , Long Nguyen , Thang Bui , Tho Quan

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate accurate and reliable responses that are grounded in retrieved context. However, LLMs often generate inconsistent outputs for semantically…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Xujun Peng , Anoop Kumar , Jingyu Wu , Parker Glenn , Daben Liu

We introduce an approach for open-domain question answering (QA) that retrieves and reads a passage graph, where vertices are passages of text and edges represent relationships that are derived from an external knowledge base or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-04-14 Sewon Min , Danqi Chen , Luke Zettlemoyer , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

The results of information retrieval (IR) are usually presented in the form of a ranked list of candidate documents, such as web search for humans and retrieval-augmented generation for large language models (LLMs). List-aware retrieval…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-02-06 Shicheng Xu , Liang Pang , Jun Xu , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA) aims to answer natural language questions with the help of an external knowledge base. The core idea is to find the link between the internal knowledge behind questions and known triples of the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-05-03 Hanyu Zhao , Sha Yuan , Jiahong Leng , Xiang Pan , Guoqiang Wang , Ledell Wu , Jie Tang