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We introduce Learning to Self-Evolve (LSE), a reinforcement learning framework that trains large language models (LLMs) to improve their own contexts at test time. We situate LSE in the setting of test-time self-evolution, where a model…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Xiaoyin Chen , Canwen Xu , Yite Wang , Boyi Liu , Zhewei Yao , Yuxiong He

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have proven effective for extracting monosemantic features from large language models (LLMs), yet these features are typically identified in isolation. However, broad evidence suggests that LLMs capture the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Yifan Luo , Yang Zhan , Jiedong Jiang , Tianyang Liu , Mingrui Wu , Zhennan Zhou , Bin Dong

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance on tasks requiring complex linguistic abilities, such as reference disambiguation and metaphor recognition/generation. Although LLMs possess impressive capabilities, their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Yi Jing , Zijun Yao , Hongzhu Guo , Lingxu Ran , Xiaozhi Wang , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Autoencoders have been used for finding interpretable and disentangled features underlying neural network representations in both image and text domains. While the efficacy and pitfalls of such methods are well-studied in vision, there is a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-06 Abhinav Menon , Manish Shrivastava , David Krueger , Ekdeep Singh Lubana

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have lately been used to uncover interpretable latent features in large language models. By projecting dense embeddings into a much higher-dimensional and sparse space, learned features become disentangled and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Viktoria Schuster

In recent years, pre-trained large language models have achieved remarkable success across diverse tasks. Besides the pivotal role of self-supervised pre-training, their effectiveness in downstream applications also depends critically on…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-04 Qi Zhang , Yifei Wang , Xiaohan Wang , Jiajun Chai , Guojun Yin , Wei Lin , Yisen Wang

Artificial Text Detection (ATD) is becoming increasingly important with the rise of advanced Large Language Models (LLMs). Despite numerous efforts, no single algorithm performs consistently well across different types of unseen text or…

Sensitive directions experiments attempt to understand the computational features of Language Models (LMs) by measuring how much the next token prediction probabilities change by perturbing activations along specific directions. We extend…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-19 Daniel J. Lee , Stefan Heimersheim

SAEs have recently been employed as a promising unsupervised approach for understanding the representations of layers of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, with the growth in model size and complexity, training SAEs is computationally…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Davide Ghilardi , Federico Belotti , Marco Molinari , Tao Ma , Matteo Palmonari

We introduce a new approach to systematically map features discovered by sparse autoencoder across consecutive layers of large language models, extending earlier work that examined inter-layer feature links. By using a data-free cosine…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-28 Daniil Laptev , Nikita Balagansky , Yaroslav Aksenov , Daniil Gavrilov

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) exhibit human-like cognitive reasoning strategies (e.g. backtracking, cross-verification) during reasoning process, which improves their performance on complex tasks. Currently, reasoning strategies are…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Yi Fang , Wenjie Wang , Mingfeng Xue , Boyi Deng , Fengli Xu , Dayiheng Liu , Fuli Feng

Identifying the features learned by neural networks is a core challenge in mechanistic interpretability. Sparse autoencoders (SAEs), which learn a sparse, overcomplete dictionary that reconstructs a network's internal activations, have been…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-27 Dan Braun , Jordan Taylor , Nicholas Goldowsky-Dill , Lee Sharkey

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a powerful technique for extracting human-interpretable features from neural networks activations. Previous works compared different models based on SAE-derived features but those comparisons have…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-25 Clément Cornet , Romaric Besançon , Hervé Le Borgne

Pre-trained large language models (LLMs) exhibit powerful capabilities for generating natural text. Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) can discover diverse solutions to complex real-world problems. Motivated by the common collective and…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 Chao Wang , Jiaxuan Zhao , Licheng Jiao , Lingling Li , Fang Liu , Shuyuan Yang

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has redefined artificial intelligence (AI), pushing the boundaries of AI research and enabling unbounded possibilities for both academia and the industry. However, LLM development faces…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Hongzhou Rao , Yanjie Zhao , Xinyi Hou , Shenao Wang , Haoyu Wang

The cosine similarity between a large language model's hidden activations before and after Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) remains very high. This, at first glance, suggests that SFT leaves the model's activation geometry largely undisturbed.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Ruhaan Chopra

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have recently gained attention as a means to improve the interpretability and steerability of Large Language Models (LLMs), both of which are essential for AI safety. In this work, we extend the application of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Mateusz Pach , Shyamgopal Karthik , Quentin Bouniot , Serge Belongie , Zeynep Akata

Model internals encode rich information about how a large language model (LLM) processes its training data; however, post-training data engineering largely relies on external signals and ignores rich intrinsic signals lying in model…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Yi Jing , Zao Dai , Jinwu Hu , Zijun Yao , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li , Xiaozhi Wang

Deterministically controlling the target generation language of large multilingual language models (LLMs) remains a fundamental challenge, particularly in zero-shot settings where neither explicit language prompts nor fine-tuning are…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Cheng-Ting Chou , George Liu , Jessica Sun , Cole Blondin , Kevin Zhu , Vasu Sharma , Sean O'Brien

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly becoming ubiquitous both as stand-alone tools and as components of current and future software systems. To enable usage of LLMs in the high-stake or safety-critical systems of 2030, they need to…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-06-13 Sinclair Hudson , Sophia Jit , Boyue Caroline Hu , Marsha Chechik