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Chain-of-thought prompting has demonstrated great success in facilitating the reasoning abilities of large language models. In this work, we explore how these enhanced reasoning abilities can be exploited to improve the robustness of large…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-30 Wenxiao Wang , Parsa Hosseini , Soheil Feizi

Increasing the thinking budget of AI models can significantly improve accuracy, but not all questions warrant the same amount of reasoning. Users may prefer to allocate different amounts of reasoning effort depending on how they value…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-13 Michael Kleinman , Matthew Trager , Alessandro Achille , Wei Xia , Stefano Soatto

The reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have improved substantially through increased test-time computation, typically in the form of intermediate tokens known as chain-of-thought (CoT). However, CoT often becomes…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become an integral part of our daily lives. However, they impose certain risks, including those that can harm individuals' privacy, perpetuate biases and spread misinformation. These risks highlight the…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-01-30 Aitor Arrieta , Miriam Ugarte , Pablo Valle , José Antonio Parejo , Sergio Segura

Large language models are typically trained on vast amounts of data during the pre-training phase, which may include some potentially harmful information. Fine-tuning attacks can exploit this by prompting the model to reveal such…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 Zhiyuan Xu , Joseph Gardiner , Sana Belguith

While explicit Chain-of-Thought (CoT) empowers large reasoning models (LRMs), it enables the generation of riskier final answers. Current alignment paradigms primarily rely on externally enforced compliance, optimizing models to detect…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Yi Zhang , Yuxin Chen , Leheng Sheng , Dongcheng Zhang , Chaochao Lu , Xiang Wang , An Zhang

AI safety is a rapidly growing area of research that seeks to prevent the harm and misuse of frontier AI technology, particularly with respect to generative AI (GenAI) tools that are capable of creating realistic and high-quality content…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-19 Pin-Yu Chen

The application of computer vision is gradually increasing across various domains. They employ deep learning models with a black-box nature. Without the ability to explain the behavior of neural networks, especially their decision-making…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Maryam Sadat Hosseini Azad , Shahriar Baradaran Shokouhi , Amir Abbas Hamidi Imani , Shahin Atakishiyev , Randy Goebel

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in handling complex tasks through long-chain reasoning. However, the extensive reasoning steps involved can significantly increase computational costs, posing challenges for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Yunhao Wang , Yuhao Zhang , Tinghao Yu , Can Xu , Feng Zhang , Fengzong Lian

Reasoning-based language models have demonstrated strong performance across various domains, with the most notable gains seen in mathematical and coding tasks. Recent research has shown that reasoning also offers significant benefits for…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Makesh Narsimhan Sreedhar , Traian Rebedea , Christopher Parisien

Detecting harmful AI actions is important as AI agents gain adoption. Chain-of-thought (CoT) monitoring is one method widely used to detect adversarial attacks and AI misalignment. However, attackers and misaligned models might evade CoT…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Shiyuan Guo , Henry Sleight , Fabien Roger

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance in capabilities, ensuring their safety against jailbreak attacks remains a critical challenge. In this paper, we introduce a novel safety alignment approach called Answer-Then-Check, which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Chentao Cao , Xiaojun Xu , Bo Han , Hang Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated powerful capabilities that render them valuable in different applications, including conversational AI products. It is paramount to ensure the security and reliability of these products by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-23 Melissa Kazemi Rad , Huy Nghiem , Andy Luo , Sahil Wadhwa , Mohammad Sorower , Stephen Rawls

With the growing accessibility and wide adoption of large language models, concerns about their safety and alignment with human values have become paramount. In this paper, we identify a concerning phenomenon: Reasoning-Induced Misalignment…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Hanqi Yan , Hainiu Xu , Siya Qi , Shu Yang , Yulan He

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex tasks. Recent advancements in Large Reasoning Models (LRMs), such as OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1, have further improved performance in System-2 reasoning…

Achieving human-level intelligence requires refining the transition from the fast, intuitive System 1 to the slower, more deliberate System 2 reasoning. While System 1 excels in quick, heuristic decisions, System 2 relies on logical…

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes deeply integrated into critical infrastructures and everyday life, ensuring its safe deployment is one of humanity's most urgent challenges. Current AI models prioritize task optimization over safety,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-11-08 Joshua T. S. Hewson

Large Reasoning Models possess remarkable capabilities for self-correction in general domain; however, they frequently struggle to recover from unsafe reasoning trajectories under adversarial attacks. Existing alignment methods attempt to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Dongcheng Zhang , Yi Zhang , Yuxin Chen , An Zhang , Xiang Wang , Chaochao Lu

Current safety alignment techniques for large language models (LLMs) face two key challenges: (1) under-generalization, which leaves models vulnerable to novel jailbreak attacks, and (2) over-alignment, which leads to the excessive refusal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Yutao Mou , Yuxiao Luo , Shikun Zhang , Wei Ye

AI model alignment is crucial due to inadvertent biases in training data and the underspecified machine learning pipeline, where models with excellent test metrics may not meet end-user requirements. While post-training alignment via human…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-06 William Overman , Jacqueline Jil Vallon , Mohsen Bayati