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Vector quantization (VQ) transforms continuous image features into discrete representations, providing compressed, tokenized inputs for generative models. However, VQ-based frameworks suffer from several issues, such as non-smooth latent…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Sicheng Yang , Xing Hu , Qiang Wu , Dawei Yang

Visual tokenizers are pivotal in multimodal large models, acting as bridges between continuous inputs and discrete tokens. Nevertheless, training high-compression-rate VQ-VAEs remains computationally demanding, often necessitating thousands…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Borui Zhang , Qihang Rao , Wenzhao Zheng , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Recent advancements in generative models have highlighted the crucial role of image tokenization in the efficient synthesis of high-resolution images. Tokenization, which transforms images into latent representations, reduces computational…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-12 Qihang Yu , Mark Weber , Xueqing Deng , Xiaohui Shen , Daniel Cremers , Liang-Chieh Chen

Latent generative models have emerged as a leading approach for high-quality image synthesis. These models rely on an autoencoder to compress images into a latent space, followed by a generative model to learn the latent distribution. We…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-05 Theodoros Kouzelis , Ioannis Kakogeorgiou , Spyros Gidaris , Nikos Komodakis

Encoding videos into discrete tokens could align with text tokens to facilitate concise and unified multi-modal LLMs, yet introducing significant spatiotemporal compression compared to continuous video representation. Previous discrete…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-14 Yupeng Zhou , Zhen Li , Ziheng Ouyang , Yuming Chen , Ruoyi Du , Daquan Zhou , Bin Fu , Yihao Liu , Peng Gao , Ming-Ming Cheng , Qibin Hou

Existing vector quantization (VQ) based autoregressive models follow a two-stage generation paradigm that first learns a codebook to encode images as discrete codes, and then completes generation based on the learned codebook. However, they…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-05-22 Mengqi Huang , Zhendong Mao , Zhuowei Chen , Yongdong Zhang

Reducing token count is crucial for efficient training and inference of latent diffusion models, especially at high resolution. A common strategy is to build high-compression image tokenizers with more channels per token. However, when…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Xin Cai , Zhiyuan You , Zhoutong Zhang , Tianfan Xue

We explore the use of Vector Quantized Variational AutoEncoder (VQ-VAE) models for large scale image generation. To this end, we scale and enhance the autoregressive priors used in VQ-VAE to generate synthetic samples of much higher…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-06-04 Ali Razavi , Aaron van den Oord , Oriol Vinyals

We present Qwen-Image-VAE-2.0, a suite of high-compression Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) that achieve significant advances in both reconstruction fidelity and diffusability. To address the reconstruction bottlenecks of high compression,…

Latent diffusion models with Transformer architectures excel at generating high-fidelity images. However, recent studies reveal an optimization dilemma in this two-stage design: while increasing the per-token feature dimension in visual…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-11 Jingfeng Yao , Bin Yang , Xinggang Wang

Image tokenization plays a critical role in reducing the computational demands of modeling high-resolution images, significantly improving the efficiency of image and multimodal understanding and generation. Recent advances in 1D latent…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-27 Ze Wang , Hao Chen , Benran Hu , Jiang Liu , Ximeng Sun , Jialian Wu , Yusheng Su , Xiaodong Yu , Emad Barsoum , Zicheng Liu

In generative modeling, tokenization simplifies complex data into compact, structured representations, creating a more efficient, learnable space. For high-dimensional visual data, it reduces redundancy and emphasizes key features for…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Long Zhao , Sanghyun Woo , Ziyu Wan , Yandong Li , Han Zhang , Boqing Gong , Hartwig Adam , Xuhui Jia , Ting Liu

Vector Quantized Variational Autoencoders (VQ-VAEs) are fundamental models that compress continuous visual data into discrete tokens. Existing methods have tried to improve the quantization strategy for better reconstruction quality,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Mingkai Jia , Wei Yin , Xiaotao Hu , Jiaxin Guo , Xiaoyang Guo , Qian Zhang , Xiao-Xiao Long , Ping Tan

Image tokenizers play a critical role in shaping the performance of subsequent generative models. Since the introduction of VQ-GAN, discrete image tokenization has undergone remarkable advancements. Improvements in architecture,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Xiang Li , Kai Qiu , Hao Chen , Jason Kuen , Jiuxiang Gu , Jindong Wang , Zhe Lin , Bhiksha Raj

Vector-Quantized (VQ-based) generative models usually consist of two basic components, i.e., VQ tokenizers and generative transformers. Prior research focuses on improving the reconstruction fidelity of VQ tokenizers but rarely examines how…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-03-10 Yuchao Gu , Xintao Wang , Yixiao Ge , Ying Shan , Xiaohu Qie , Mike Zheng Shou

We propose TC-AE, a ViT-based architecture for deep compression autoencoders. Existing methods commonly increase the channel number of latent representations to maintain reconstruction quality under high compression ratios. However, this…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Teng Li , Ziyuan Huang , Cong Chen , Yangfu Li , Yuanhuiyi Lyu , Dandan Zheng , Chunhua Shen , Jun Zhang

Text-to-Image generation in the general domain has long been an open problem, which requires both a powerful generative model and cross-modal understanding. We propose CogView, a 4-billion-parameter Transformer with VQ-VAE tokenizer to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-11-08 Ming Ding , Zhuoyi Yang , Wenyi Hong , Wendi Zheng , Chang Zhou , Da Yin , Junyang Lin , Xu Zou , Zhou Shao , Hongxia Yang , Jie Tang

Vector Quantization (VQ) is a well-known technique in deep learning for extracting informative discrete latent representations. VQ-embedded models have shown impressive results in a range of applications including image and speech…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-05 Tanmay Gautam , Reid Pryzant , Ziyi Yang , Chenguang Zhu , Somayeh Sojoudi

Unifying multimodal understanding, generation and reconstruction representation in a single tokenizer remains a key challenge in building unified models. Previous research predominantly attempts to address this in a dual encoder paradigm,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Sinan Du , Jiahao Guo , Bo Li , Shuhao Cui , Zhengzhuo Xu , Yifu Luo , Yongxian Wei , Kun Gai , Xinggang Wang , Kai Wu , Chun Yuan

We present fast, realistic image generation on high-resolution, multimodal datasets using hierarchical variational autoencoders (VAEs) trained on a deterministic autoencoder's latent space. In this two-stage setup, the autoencoder…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-03-27 Troy Luhman , Eric Luhman
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