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Large language models (LLMs) often benefit from intermediate steps of reasoning to generate answers to complex problems. When these intermediate steps of reasoning are used to monitor the activity of the model, it is essential that this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-02 Fabien Roger , Ryan Greenblatt

Large Language Models (LLMs) are pretrained on extensive multilingual corpora to acquire both language-specific cultural knowledge and general knowledge. Ideally, while LLMs should provide consistent responses to culture-independent…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Yumeng Wang , Zhiyuan Fan , Qingyun Wang , May Fung , Heng Ji

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in generating detailed and coherent explanations of complex concepts. However, the extent to which these models truly comprehend the concepts they articulate remains…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-11 Saeid Asgari Taghanaki , Joao Monteiro

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across a variety of tasks, but their increasing autonomy in real-world applications raises concerns about their trustworthiness. While hallucinations-unintentional…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-04 Haoran Huan , Mihir Prabhudesai , Mengning Wu , Shantanu Jaiswal , Deepak Pathak

There exist very few ways to isolate cognitive processes, historically defined via highly controlled laboratory studies, in more ecologically valid contexts. Specifically, it remains unclear as to what extent patterns of neural activity…

神经元与认知 · 定量生物学 2023-10-13 Stephen M. Gordon , Jonathan R. McDaniel , Kevin W. King , Vernon J. Lawhern , Jonathan Touryan

Explainability for Large Language Models (LLMs) is a critical yet challenging aspect of natural language processing. As LLMs are increasingly integral to diverse applications, their "black-box" nature sparks significant concerns regarding…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-23 Haoyan Luo , Lucia Specia

Large audio language models (LALMs) leverage multimodal representations to generate open-ended answers to natural language queries about audio. In this paper, we (1) provide empirical evidence that assessment of LALMs using the popular…

声音 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Daniel Chenyu Lin , Michael Freeman , John Thickstun

Transformer-based pretrained language models (PLMs) offer unmatched performance across the majority of natural language understanding (NLU) tasks, including a body of question answering (QA) tasks. We hypothesize that improvements in QA…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-04-06 Gabor Fuisz , Ivan Vulić , Samuel Gibbons , Inigo Casanueva , Paweł Budzianowski

Intelligent agents such as robots are increasingly deployed in real-world, safety-critical settings. It is vital that these agents are able to explain the reasoning behind their decisions to human counterparts, however, their behavior is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-09-20 Xijia Zhang , Yue Guo , Simon Stepputtis , Katia Sycara , Joseph Campbell

The opacity in developing large language models (LLMs) is raising growing concerns about the potential contamination of public benchmarks in the pre-training data. Existing contamination detection methods are typically based on the text…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-31 Feng Yao , Yufan Zhuang , Zihao Sun , Sunan Xu , Animesh Kumar , Jingbo Shang

Question decomposition has emerged as an effective strategy for prompting Large Language Models (LLMs) to answer complex questions. However, while existing methods primarily focus on unimodal language models, the question decomposition…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Haowei Zhang , Jianzhe Liu , Zhen Han , Shuo Chen , Bailan He , Volker Tresp , Zhiqiang Xu , Jindong Gu

Recent research has explored the creation of questions from code submitted by students. These Questions about Learners' Code (QLCs) are created through program analysis, exploring execution paths, and then creating code comprehension…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2024-04-19 Teemu Lehtinen , Charles Koutcheme , Arto Hellas

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have opened new perspectives for automation in optimization. While several studies have explored how LLMs can generate or solve optimization models, far less is understood about what these…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Francesca Da Ros , Luca Di Gaspero , Kevin Roitero

Transformer language models have received widespread public attention, yet their generated text is often surprising even to NLP researchers. In this survey, we discuss over 250 recent studies of English language model behavior before…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-29 Tyler A. Chang , Benjamin K. Bergen

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly expected to function as collaborative partners, engaging in back-and-forth dialogue to solve complex, ambiguous problems. However, current LLMs often falter in real-world settings, defaulting to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Tenghao Huang , Sihao Chen , Muhao Chen , Jonathan May , Longqi Yang , Mengting Wan , Pei Zhou

Although large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance, the lack of transparency in their inference logic raises concerns about their trustworthiness. To gain a better understanding of LLMs, we conduct a detailed…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-26 Jie Ren , Qipeng Guo , Hang Yan , Dongrui Liu , Quanshi Zhang , Xipeng Qiu , Dahua Lin

Despite the recent successes of large, pretrained neural language models (LLMs), comparatively little is known about the representations of linguistic structure they learn during pretraining, which can lead to unexpected behaviors in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-24 Adam Davies , Jize Jiang , ChengXiang Zhai

Open-Domain Question Answering (ODQA) aims to answer questions without explicitly providing specific background documents. This task becomes notably challenging in a zero-shot setting where no data is available to train tailored…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-29 Junlong Li , Jinyuan Wang , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao

This paper investigates the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the context of understanding their knowledge and uncertainty over questions. Specifically, we focus on addressing known-unknown questions, characterized by high…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-03 Alfonso Amayuelas , Kyle Wong , Liangming Pan , Wenhu Chen , William Wang

Recent years pretrained language models (PLMs) hit a success on several downstream tasks, showing their power on modeling language. To better understand and leverage what PLMs have learned, several techniques have emerged to explore…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-23 Qian Liu , Dejian Yang , Jiahui Zhang , Jiaqi Guo , Bin Zhou , Jian-Guang Lou