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The adversarial attack methods based on gradient information can adequately find the perturbations, that is, the combinations of rewired links, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the deep learning model based graph embedding algorithms,…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2020-12-22 Jinyin Chen , Yixian Chen , Haibin Zheng , Shijing Shen , Shanqing Yu , Dan Zhang , Qi Xuan

The deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) in critical decision-making and evaluation processes raises concerns about inherent biases that malicious actors could exploit to distort decision outcomes. We propose a systematic method to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-23 Atsushi Yamamura , Surya Ganguli

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) for downstream tasks has become increasingly crucial due to their widespread use and the growing availability of open-source models. However, the high memory costs associated with fine-tuning remain…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 David H. Yang , Mohammad Mohammadi Amiri , Tejaswini Pedapati , Subhajit Chaudhury , Pin-Yu Chen

Despite the widespread use of statistical prior models in various fields, such models for neural network gradients have long been overlooked. The inherent challenge stems from their high-dimensional structures and complex interdependencies,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-23 Hui-Po Wang , Mario Fritz

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in various domains, primarily due to their strong capabilities in reasoning and generating human-like text. Despite their impressive performance, LLMs are susceptible to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Yangguang Shao , Xinjie Lin , Haozheng Luo , Chengshang Hou , Gang Xiong , Jiahao Yu , Junzheng Shi

Pretrained large language models (LLMs) are able to solve a wide variety of tasks through transfer learning. Various explainability methods have been developed to investigate their decision making process. TracIn (Pruthi et al., 2020) is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-02-14 Maximilian Mozes , Tolga Bolukbasi , Ann Yuan , Frederick Liu , Nithum Thain , Lucas Dixon

Deep learning models are vulnerable to adversarial examples, and adversarial attacks used to generate such examples have attracted considerable research interest. Although existing methods based on the steepest descent have achieved high…

The rapid adoption of Large Language Model (LLM) agents and multi-agent systems enables remarkable capabilities in natural language processing and generation. However, these systems introduce security vulnerabilities that extend beyond…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Matteo Lupinacci , Francesco Aurelio Pironti , Francesco Blefari , Francesco Romeo , Luigi Arena , Angelo Furfaro

Large language models (LLMs) generate human-aligned content under certain safety constraints. However, the current known technique ``jailbreak prompt'' can circumvent safety-aligned measures and induce LLMs to output malicious content.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-28 Xi Wang , Songlei Jian , Shasha Li , Xiaopeng Li , Bin Ji , Jun Ma , Xiaodong Liu , Jing Wang , Feilong Bao , Jianfeng Zhang , Baosheng Wang , Jie Yu

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly influenced various industries but suffer from a critical flaw, the potential sensitivity of generating harmful content, which poses severe societal risks. We developed and tested novel attack…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Yuyi Huang , Runzhe Zhan , Derek F. Wong , Lidia S. Chao , Ailin Tao

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention for their exceptional natural language processing capabilities. However, concerns about their trustworthiness remain unresolved, particularly in addressing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-29 Yue Huang , Jingyu Tang , Dongping Chen , Bingda Tang , Yao Wan , Lichao Sun , Philip S. Yu , Xiangliang Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) serve as the backbone of modern AI systems, yet they remain susceptible to adversarial jailbreak attacks. Consequently, robust detection of such malicious inputs is paramount for ensuring model safety.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Jun Leng , Yu Liu , Litian Zhang , Ruihan Hu , Zhuting Fang , Xi Zhang

Black-box query attacks, which rely only on the output of the victim model, have proven to be effective in attacking deep learning models. However, existing black-box query attacks show low performance in a novel scenario where only a few…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-05-04 Xiangyuan Yang , Jie Lin , Hanlin Zhang , Xinyu Yang , Peng Zhao

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by providing external knowledge for accurate and up-to-date responses. However, this reliance on external sources exposes a security risk, attackers can inject…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-25 San Kim , Jonghwi Kim , Yejin Jeon , Gary Geunbae Lee

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have emerged with astonishing capabilities approaching artificial general intelligence. While providing convenience for various societal needs, LLMs have also lowered the cost of generating…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-28 Zhenhua Wang , Wei Xie , Kai Chen , Baosheng Wang , Zhiwen Gui , Enze Wang

Despite significant advancements, large language models (LLMs) still struggle with providing accurate answers when lacking domain-specific or up-to-date knowledge. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses this limitation by…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Yuefeng Peng , Junda Wang , Hong Yu , Amir Houmansadr

Because "out-of-the-box" large language models are capable of generating a great deal of objectionable content, recent work has focused on aligning these models in an attempt to prevent undesirable generation. While there has been some…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-22 Andy Zou , Zifan Wang , Nicholas Carlini , Milad Nasr , J. Zico Kolter , Matt Fredrikson

Large Language Models (LLMs) hold significant promise for mathematics education, yet they often struggle with complex mathematical reasoning. While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates these issues by grounding LLMs in external…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Shiting Chen , Zijian Zhao , Jinsong Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in processing and generating human language, powered by their ability to interpret and follow instructions. However, their capabilities can be exploited through prompt injection attacks. These attacks…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-03-11 Xiaogeng Liu , Zhiyuan Yu , Yizhe Zhang , Ning Zhang , Chaowei Xiao

Jailbreaking techniques trick Large Language Models (LLMs) into producing restricted output, posing a potential threat. One line of defense is to use another LLM as a Judge to evaluate the harmfulness of generated text. However, we reveal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-19 Zhipeng Wei , Yuqi Liu , N. Benjamin Erichson