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Coordinated and targeted cyber-attacks to Critical Infrastructures (CIs) are becoming more and more frequent and sophisticated. This is due to: i) the recent technology shift towards Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) products, and ii) new…
Cyber attacks on critical infrastructure have been an issue of importance in industry over the past several years, as well as a focus of academic research. Cyber attacks of various types and magnitude have been on the rise targeted…
The Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) of the European Union (EU) imposes many new cyber security requirements practically to all network-enabled information technology products, whether hardware or software. The paper examines and elaborates the…
Critical infrastructures form a technological skeleton of our world by providing us with water, food, electricity, gas, transportation, communication, banking, and finance. Moreover, as urban population increases, the role of…
A long list of documents have been offered as security advice, codes of practice, and security guidelines for building and using security products, including Internet of Things (IoT) devices. To date, little or no systematic analysis has…
Critical National Infrastructure (CNI) encompasses a nation's essential assets that are fundamental to the operation of society and the economy, ensuring the provision of vital utilities such as energy, water, transportation, and…
As new technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) are integrated into Critical National Infrastructures (CNI), new cybersecurity threats emerge that require specific security solutions. Approaches used for analysis include the…
This study conducts a bibliometric review of scientific literature on the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) from 2004 to 2024, using research articles from the Scopus database. Using the Bibliometrix R package, we analyze…
The events of 9/11 brought an increased focus on security in the United States and specifically the protection of critical infrastructure. Critical infrastructure encompasses a wide array of critical assets such as the electric power grid,…
The integration of sensors and communication technology in power systems, known as the smart grid, is an emerging topic in science and technology. One of the critical issues in the smart grid is its increased vulnerability to cyber threats.…
European digital identity initiatives are grounded in regulatory frameworks designed to ensure interoperability and robust, harmonized security standards. The evolution of these frameworks culminates in eIDAS 2.0, whose origins trace back…
This article assesses the effectiveness of current cybersecurity regulations and policies in the United States amidst the escalating frequency and sophistication of cyber threats. The focus is on the comprehensive framework established by…
The world is currently strongly connected through both the internet at large, but also the very supply chains which provide everything from food to infrastructure and technology. The supply chains are themselves vulnerable to adversarial…
Our research endeavors to advance the concept of responsible artificial intelligence (AI), a topic of increasing importance within EU policy discussions. The EU has recently issued several publications emphasizing the necessity of trust in…
This paper aims to enhance the security and resilience of Critical Information Infrastructures (CIIs) by providing a dynamic collaborative, warning and response system (CyberSANE system) supporting and guiding security officers and…
The transformation of power grids into intelligent cyber-physical systems brings numerous benefits, but also significantly increases the surface for cyber-attacks, demanding appropriate countermeasures. However, the development, validation,…
Power system operation is of vital importance and must be developed far beyond today's practice to meet future needs. Almost all European countries are facing an abrupt and very important increase of renewables with intrinsically varying…
Vessels cybersecurity is recently gaining momentum, as a result of a few recent attacks to vessels at sea. These recent attacks have shacked the maritime domain, which was thought to be relatively immune to cyber threats. The cited belief…
Machine learning has brought significant advances in cybersecurity, particularly in the development of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). These improvements are mainly attributed to the ability of machine learning algorithms to identify…
A new European Union Vulnerability Database (EUVD) was introduced via a legislative act in 2022. The paper examines empirically the meta-data content of the new EUVD. According to the results, actively exploited vulnerabilities archived to…