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Bayesian Optimization (BO) has been widely used to efficiently optimize expensive black-box functions with limited evaluations. In this paper, we investigate the use of BO for prompt engineering to enhance text classification with Large…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Adam Ballew , Jingbo Wang , Shaogang Ren

A prompt is a sequence of symbol or tokens, selected from a vocabulary according to some rule, which is prepended/concatenated to a textual query. A key problem is how to select the sequence of tokens: in this paper we formulate it as a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-04 Antonio Sabbatella , Andrea Ponti , Antonio Candelieri , Ilaria Giordani , Francesco Archetti

Hyperparameter optimization (HPO) is a fundamental problem in automatic machine learning (AutoML). However, due to the expensive evaluation cost of models (e.g., training deep learning models or training models on large datasets), vanilla…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-08-03 Yang Li , Yu Shen , Jiawei Jiang , Jinyang Gao , Ce Zhang , Bin Cui

Black-box prompt tuning employs derivative-free optimization algorithms to learn prompts within low-dimensional subspaces rather than back-propagating through the network of Large Language Models (LLMs). Recent studies reveal that black-box…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Yuanhang Zheng , Zhixing Tan , Peng Li , Yang Liu

Modern deep learning methods are very sensitive to many hyperparameters, and, due to the long training times of state-of-the-art models, vanilla Bayesian hyperparameter optimization is typically computationally infeasible. On the other…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-07-06 Stefan Falkner , Aaron Klein , Frank Hutter

Hyperparameter optimization (HPO) is a central pillar in the automation of machine learning solutions and is mainly performed via Bayesian optimization, where a parametric surrogate is learned to approximate the black box response function…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-01-20 Martin Wistuba , Josif Grabocka

Given a Hyperparameter Optimization(HPO) problem, how to design an algorithm to find optimal configurations efficiently? Bayesian Optimization(BO) and the multi-fidelity BO methods employ surrogate models to sample configurations based on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-22 Yang Zhang , Haiyang Wu , Yuekui Yang

Recent advances have shown that optimizing prompts for Large Language Models (LLMs) can significantly improve task performance, yet many optimization techniques rely on heuristics or manual exploration. We present LatentPrompt, a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-05 Mateusz Bystroński , Grzegorz Piotrowski , Nitesh V. Chawla , Tomasz Kajdanowicz

When training deep learning models, the performance depends largely on the selected hyperparameters. However, hyperparameter optimization (HPO) is often one of the most expensive parts of model design. Classical HPO methods treat this as a…

Massive data analysis becomes increasingly prevalent, subsampling methods like BLB (Bag of Little Bootstraps) serves as powerful tools for assessing the quality of estimators for massive data. However, the performance of the subsampling…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2022-01-14 Yingying Ma , Hansheng Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have already been widely adopted for automated algorithm design, demonstrating strong abilities in generating and evolving algorithms across various fields. Existing work has largely focused on examining their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-04 Qi Huang , Furong Ye , Ananta Shahane , Thomas Bäck , Niki van Stein

Performance of machine learning algorithms depends critically on identifying a good set of hyperparameters. While recent approaches use Bayesian optimization to adaptively select configurations, we focus on speeding up random search through…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-06-20 Lisha Li , Kevin Jamieson , Giulia DeSalvo , Afshin Rostamizadeh , Ameet Talwalkar

Deep learning has achieved impressive results on many problems. However, it requires high degree of expertise or a lot of experience to tune well the hyperparameters, and such manual tuning process is likely to be biased. Moreover, it is…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2018-01-08 Jiazhuo Wang , Jason Xu , Xuejun Wang

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a powerful approach for optimizing complex and expensive-to-evaluate black-box functions. Its importance is underscored in many applications, notably including hyperparameter tuning, but its efficacy depends on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-11 Tennison Liu , Nicolás Astorga , Nabeel Seedat , Mihaela van der Schaar

Despite all the benefits of automated hyperparameter optimization (HPO), most modern HPO algorithms are black-boxes themselves. This makes it difficult to understand the decision process which leads to the selected configuration, reduces…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-14 Julia Moosbauer , Giuseppe Casalicchio , Marius Lindauer , Bernd Bischl

We consider the task of generating functionally correct code using large language models (LLMs). The correctness of generated code is influenced by the prompt used to query the given base LLM. We formulate the problem of finding the…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-12-18 Shlok Tomar , Aryan Deshwal , Ethan Villalovoz , Mattia Fazzini , Haipeng Cai , Janardhan Rao Doppa

Hyperparameter Optimization (HPO) of Deep Learning-based models tends to be a compute resource intensive process as it usually requires to train the target model with many different hyperparameter configurations. We show that integrating…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-30 Juan Pablo García Amboage , Eric Wulff , Maria Girone , Tomás F. Pena

Large language models (LLMs) have shown increasing power on various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, tuning these models for downstream tasks usually needs exorbitant costs or is unavailable due to commercial…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-07 Qiushi Sun , Chengcheng Han , Nuo Chen , Renyu Zhu , Jingyang Gong , Xiang Li , Ming Gao

Black-Box prompt optimization methods have emerged as a promising strategy for refining input prompts to better align large language models (LLMs), thereby enhancing their task performance. Although these methods have demonstrated…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-14 Ziyu Zhou , Yihang Wu , Jingyuan Yang , Zhan Xiao , Rongjun Li

Prompt optimization methods have demonstrated significant effectiveness in aligning black-box large language models (LLMs). In parallel, inference scaling strategies such as Best-of-N Sampling and Majority Voting have likewise been shown to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Saaduddin Mahmud , Mason Nakamura , Kyle Hollins Wray , Shlomo Zilberstein
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