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Diffusion models, which iteratively denoise data samples to synthesize high-quality outputs, have achieved empirical success across domains. However, optimizing these models for downstream tasks often involves nested bilevel structures,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-06 Quan Xiao , Hui Yuan , A F M Saif , Gaowen Liu , Ramana Kompella , Mengdi Wang , Tianyi Chen

Discrete diffusion models have recently emerged as strong alternatives to autoregressive language models, matching their performance through large-scale training. However, inference-time control remains relatively underexplored. In this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Meihua Dang , Jiaqi Han , Minkai Xu , Kai Xu , Akash Srivastava , Stefano Ermon

Diffusion models have demonstrated strong generative capabilities across scientific domains, but often produce outputs that violate physical laws. We propose a new perspective by framing physics-informed generation as a sparse reward…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Mingze Yuan , Pengfei Jin , Na Li , Quanzheng Li

Class-incremental learning aims to learn new classes in an incremental fashion without forgetting the previously learned ones. Several research works have shown how additional data can be used by incremental models to help mitigate…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-11 Quentin Jodelet , Xin Liu , Yin Jun Phua , Tsuyoshi Murata

Diffusion distillation, exemplified by Distribution Matching Distillation (DMD), has shown great promise in few-step generation but often sacrifices quality for sampling speed. While integrating Reinforcement Learning (RL) into distillation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Linwei Dong , Ruoyu Guo , Ge Bai , Zehuan Yuan , Yawei Luo , Changqing Zou

Image classification systems often inherit biases from uneven group representation in training data. For example, in face datasets for hair color classification, blond hair may be disproportionately associated with females, reinforcing…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Abhipsa Basu , Aviral Gupta , Abhijnya Bhat , R. Venkatesh Babu

Pre-trained diffusion models have enabled significant advancements in All-in-One Restoration (AiOR), offering improved perceptual quality and generalization. However, diffusion-based restoration methods primarily rely on fine-tuning or…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Sudarshan Rajagopalan , Vishal M. Patel

In this paper, we make the first attempt to align diffusion models for image inpainting with human aesthetic standards via a reinforcement learning framework, significantly improving the quality and visual appeal of inpainted images.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Kendong Liu , Zhiyu Zhu , Chuanhao Li , Hui Liu , Huanqiang Zeng , Junhui Hou

Generative diffusion models (DM) have been extensively utilized in image super-resolution (ISR). Most of the existing methods adopt the denoising loss from DDPMs for model optimization. We posit that introducing reward feedback learning to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-05 Xiaopeng Sun , Qinwei Lin , Yu Gao , Yujie Zhong , Chengjian Feng , Dengjie Li , Zheng Zhao , Jie Hu , Lin Ma

Image restoration aims to enhance low quality images, producing high quality images that exhibit natural visual characteristics and fine semantic attributes. Recently, the diffusion model has emerged as a powerful technique for image…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-23 Jiangtong Tan , Feng Zhao

The performance of text-to-image diffusion models may be improved at test-time by scaling computation to search for a generated image that maximizes a given reward function. While existing trajectory level exploration methods improve the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Qingtao Yu , Changlin Song , Minghao Sun , Zhengyang Yu , Vinay Kumar Verma , Soumya Roy , Sumit Negi , Hongdong Li , Dylan Campbell

Diffusion models achieve strong generative performance but often rely on large datasets that may include sensitive content. This challenge is compounded by the models' tendency to memorize training data, raising privacy concerns. SFBD (Lu…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Haoye Lu , Darren Lo , Yaoliang Yu

Diffusion and flow-based models have enabled significant progress in generation tasks across various modalities and have recently found applications in predictive learning. However, unlike typical generation tasks that encourage sample…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Yu Zhang , Xingzhuo Guo , Haoran Xu , Jialong Wu , Mingsheng Long

In this work, we focus on the alignment problem of diffusion models with a continuous reward function, which represents specific objectives for downstream tasks, such as increasing darkness or improving the aesthetics of images. The central…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-03 Zhiwei Tang , Jiangweizhi Peng , Jiasheng Tang , Mingyi Hong , Fan Wang , Tsung-Hui Chang

We study the problem of training diffusion and flow generative models to sample from target distributions defined by an exponential tilting of a base density; a formulation that subsumes both sampling from unnormalized densities and reward…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-05-04 Carles Domingo-Enrich , Yuanqi Du , Michael S. Albergo

Diffusion models have shown significant progress in image translation tasks recently. However, due to their stochastic nature, there's often a trade-off between style transformation and content preservation. Current strategies aim to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-06-08 Gihyun Kwon , Jong Chul Ye

Dataset distillation provides an effective approach to reduce memory and computational costs by optimizing a compact dataset that achieves performance comparable to the full original. However, for large-scale datasets and complex deep…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-14 Xinhao Zhong , Shuoyang Sun , Xulin Gu , Zhaoyang Xu , Yaowei Wang , Min Zhang , Bin Chen

Conventional diffusion models typically relies on a fixed forward process, which implicitly defines complex marginal distributions over latent variables. This can often complicate the reverse process' task in learning generative…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-06-10 Grigory Bartosh , Dmitry Vetrov , Christian A. Naesseth

Optimizing a text-to-image diffusion model with a given reward function is an important but underexplored research area. In this study, we propose Deep Reward Tuning (DRTune), an algorithm that directly supervises the final output image of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-03 Xiaoshi Wu , Yiming Hao , Manyuan Zhang , Keqiang Sun , Zhaoyang Huang , Guanglu Song , Yu Liu , Hongsheng Li

Recent research has shown that fine-tuning diffusion models (DMs) with arbitrary rewards, including non-differentiable ones, is feasible with reinforcement learning (RL) techniques, enabling flexible model alignment. However, applying…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-12 Zhiwei Jia , Yuesong Nan , Huixi Zhao , Gengdai Liu