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Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) can reveal implicit objectives such as safety considerations that go beyond task completion. In this work, we focus on the common safety criteria embedded in crowd preference datasets, where…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Qian Lin , Daniel S. Brown

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a pivotal tool for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), one of the most popular approaches, formulates RLHF as a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Jiafan He , Huizhuo Yuan , Quanquan Gu

Learning new task-specific skills from a few trials is a fundamental challenge for artificial intelligence. Meta reinforcement learning (meta-RL) tackles this problem by learning transferable policies that support few-shot adaptation to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-22 Zhizhou Ren , Anji Liu , Yitao Liang , Jian Peng , Jianzhu Ma

Standard reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) trains a reward model on pairwise preference data and then uses it for policy optimization. However, while reward models are optimized to capture relative preferences, existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Kyuseong Choi , Dwaipayan Saha , Woojeong Kim , Anish Agarwal , Raaz Dwivedi

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is a widely adopted approach for aligning large language models with human values. However, RLHF relies on a reward model that is trained with a limited amount of human preference data,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-23 Shun Zhang , Zhenfang Chen , Sunli Chen , Yikang Shen , Zhiqing Sun , Chuang Gan

Offline preference-based reinforcement learning (RL), which focuses on optimizing policies using human preferences between pairs of trajectory segments selected from an offline dataset, has emerged as a practical avenue for RL applications.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-08 Chen-Xiao Gao , Shengjun Fang , Chenjun Xiao , Yang Yu , Zongzhang Zhang

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has been extensively employed to align large language models with user intent. However, proximal policy optimization (PPO) based RLHF is occasionally unstable requiring significant…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Saeed Khaki , JinJin Li , Lan Ma , Liu Yang , Prathap Ramachandra

Reinforcement learning is a general method for learning in sequential settings, but it can often be difficult to specify a good reward function when the task is complex. In these cases, preference feedback or expert demonstrations can be…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-20 Jason R Brown , Carl Henrik Ek , Robert D Mullins

Recent work shows that preference alignment objectives can be interpreted as divergence estimators between aligned (preferred) & unaligned (less-preferred) distributions, yielding a principled recipe for designing alignment losses. However,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Rajdeep Haldar , Lantao Mei , Guang Lin , Yue Xing , Qifan Song

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly popular due to their ability to process and generate natural language. However, as they are trained on massive datasets of text, LLMs can inherit harmful biases and produce outputs that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-23 Qi Gou , Cam-Tu Nguyen

Pre-trained large-scale language models (LLMs) excel at producing coherent articles, yet their outputs may be untruthful, toxic, or fail to align with user expectations. Current approaches focus on using reinforcement learning with human…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-06 Dehong Xu , Liang Qiu , Minseok Kim , Faisal Ladhak , Jaeyoung Do

While large language models demonstrate remarkable capabilities, they often present challenges in terms of safety, alignment with human values, and stability during training. Here, we focus on two prevalent methods used to align these…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-26 Gabriel Mukobi , Peter Chatain , Su Fong , Robert Windesheim , Gitta Kutyniok , Kush Bhatia , Silas Alberti

Despite notable advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), most state-of-the-art models have not undergone thorough alignment with human preferences. This gap exists because current alignment research has primarily achieved…

Our goal is to accurately and efficiently learn reward functions for autonomous robots. Current approaches to this problem include inverse reinforcement learning (IRL), which uses expert demonstrations, and preference-based learning, which…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2019-06-24 Malayandi Palan , Nicholas C. Landolfi , Gleb Shevchuk , Dorsa Sadigh

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has become a key factor in aligning model behavior with users' goals. However, while humans integrate multiple strategies when making decisions, current RLHF approaches often simplify this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Mingkang Wu , Devin White , Evelyn Rose , Vernon Lawhern , Nicholas R Waytowich , Yongcan Cao

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a important paradigm for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences during post-training. This framework typically involves two stages: first, training a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-08 Wenyuan Xu , Xiaochen Zuo , Chao Xin , Yu Yue , Lin Yan , Yonghui Wu

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) aligns language models with human preferences but is computationally expensive. We explore two approaches that leverage human gaze modeling to enhance RLHF: (1) gaze-aware reward models and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-17 Karim Galliamov , Ivan Titov , Ilya Pershin

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a powerful technique to make large language models (LLMs) easier to use and more effective. A core piece of the RLHF process is the training and utilization of a model of…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2023-11-29 Nathan Lambert , Thomas Krendl Gilbert , Tom Zick

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has shown great potential in refining robotic manipulation policies, yet its efficacy remains strongly bottlenecked by the difficulty of designing generalizable reward functions. In this paper, we propose a…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Yanru Wu , Weiduo Yuan , Ang Qi , Vitor Guizilini , Jiageng Mao , Yue Wang

Reinforcement learning has seen wide success in finetuning large language models to better align with instructions via human feedback. The so-called algorithm, Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) demonstrates impressive…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-02-13 Tianjun Zhang , Fangchen Liu , Justin Wong , Pieter Abbeel , Joseph E. Gonzalez