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Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) output genuine random numbers based upon the uncertainty principle. A QRNG contains two parts in general --- a randomness source and a readout detector. How to remove detector imperfections has been…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-01-14 Zhu Cao , Hongyi Zhou , Xiongfeng Ma

Optical homodyne detection has been widely used in continuous-variable (CV) quantum information processing for measuring field quadrature values. In this paper we explore the possibility of operating a conjugate homodyne detection system in…

量子物理 · 物理学 2021-01-22 Bing Qi

Optical homodyne detection has found use in a range of quantum technologies as both a characterisation tool and as a way to post-selectively generate non-linearities. So far optical implementations have been limited to bulk optics. Here we…

Quantum random number generators (QRNG) are based on the naturally random measurement results performed on individual quantum systems. Here, we demonstrate a branching-path photonic QRNG implemented with a Sagnac interferometer with a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-05-11 Joakim Argillander , Alvaro Alarcón , Guilherme B. Xavier

We present a real-time and fully integrated quantum random number generator (QRNG) by measuring laser phase fluctuations. The QRNG scheme based on laser phase fluctuations is featured for its capability of generating ultra high-speed random…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-07-13 Xiao-Guang Zhang , You-Qi Nie , Hongyi Zhou , Hao Liang , Xiongfeng Ma , Jun Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

Random Number Generators (RNGs) are crucial for applications ranging from cryptography to simulations. Depending on the source of randomness, RNGs are classified into Pseudo-Random Number Generators (PRNGs), True Random Number Generators…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-04-02 Anurag K. S. V. , Shubham Chouhan , K. Srinivasan , G. Raghavan , Kanaka Raju P

Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) produce random numbers based on the intrinsic probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics, making them true random number generators (TRNGs). In this paper, we design and fabricate an embedded QRNG…

In this paper, we proposed an experimental implementation of quantum random number generator(QRNG) with inherent randomness of quantum tunneling effect of electrons. We exploited InGaAs/InP diodes, whose valance band and conduction band…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-05-29 Haihan Zhou , Junlin Li , Dong Pan , Weixing Zhang , Guilu Long

Phase-randomized optical homodyne detection is a well-known technique for performing quantum state tomography. So far, it has been mainly considered a sophisticated tool for laboratory experiments but unsuitable for practical applications.…

We present a simple and robust construction of a real-time quantum random number generator (QRNG). Our minimalist approach ensures stable operation of the device as well as its simple and straightforward hardware implementation as a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-07-19 K. S. Kravtsov , I. V. Radchenko , S. P. Kulik , S. N. Molotkov

A quantum random number generator (QRNG) can generate true randomness by exploiting the fundamental indeterminism of quantum mechanics. Most approaches to QRNG employ single-photon detection technologies and are limited in speed. Here, we…

量子物理 · 物理学 2013-08-12 Feihu Xu , Bing Qi , Xiongfeng Ma , He Xu , Haoxuan Zheng , Hoi-Kwong Lo

A quantum random number generator (QRNG) generates genuine randomness from the intrinsic probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics. The central problems for most QRNGs are estimating the entropy of the genuine randomness and producing such…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-10-31 Feihu Xu , Jeffrey H. Shapiro , Franco N. C. Wong

Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) produce true random numbers, which are guaranteed by the fundamental principles of quantum physics. Miniaturization of QRNGs is crucial for a wide range of communication and cryptography…

Certifying random number generators is challenging, especially in security-critical fields like cryptography. Here, we demonstrate a measurement-device-independent quantum random number generator (MDI-QRNG) using high-dimensional photonic…

We propose and implement a simple and compact quantum random number generation (QRNG) scheme based on the quantum phase fluctuations of a DFB laser. The distribution probability of the experimentally measured data fits well with the…

量子物理 · 物理学 2017-04-05 Jinlu Liu , Jie Yang , Zhengyu Li , Wei Huang , Bingjie Xu , Hong Guo

Quantum random number generators (QRNG) represent an advanced solution for randomness generation, essential in every cryptographic applications. In this context, integrated arrays of single photon detectors have promising applications as…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-11-24 Davide G. Marangon , Giuseppe Vallone , Ugo Zanforlin , Paolo Villoresi

Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) produce true random numbers based on the inherent randomness of quantum theory, rendering them a foundational segment of quantum cryptography. Distinguished from trusted-device QRNGs whose security…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-02-09 Zhenguo Lu , Jundong Wu , Yu Zhang , Shaobo Ren , Xuyang Wang , Hongyi Zhou , Yongmin Li

The randomness from a quantum random number generator (QRNG) relies on the accurate characterization of its devices. However, device imperfections and inaccurate characterizations can result in wrong entropy estimation and bias in practice,…

量子物理 · 物理学 2016-12-30 You-Qi Nie , Jian-Yu Guan , Hongyi Zhou , Qiang Zhang , Xiongfeng Ma , Jun Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

We present a quantum random number generator (QRNG) based on the random outcomes inherent in projective measurements on a superposition of quantum states of light. Firstly, we use multiplexed holograms encoded on a spatial light modulator…

量子物理 · 物理学 2020-09-30 Michael de Oliveira , Nicholas Bornman , Andrew Forbes

Quantum randomness relies heavily on the accurate characterization of the generator implementation, where the device imperfection or inaccurate characterization can lead to incorrect entropy estimation and practical bias, significantly…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-09-12 You-Qi Nie , Hongyi Zhou , Bing Bai , Qi Xu , Xiongfeng Ma , Jun Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan