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LLMs have made impressive progress, but their growing capabilities also expose them to highly flexible jailbreaking attacks designed to bypass safety alignment. While many existing defenses focus on known types of attacks, it is more…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Haoyu Wang , Zeyu Qin , Yifei Zhao , Chao Du , Min Lin , Xueqian Wang , Tianyu Pang

Large language models (LLMs) have been used in many application domains, including cyber security. The application of LLMs in the cyber security domain presents significant opportunities, such as for enhancing threat analysis and malware…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-18 Adel ElZemity , Budi Arief , Shujun Li

Large visual language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated excellent instruction-following capabilities, yet remain vulnerable to stealthy backdoor attacks when finetuned using contaminated data. Existing backdoor defense techniques are usually…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-09 Yuan Xun , Siyuan Liang , Xiaojun Jia , Xinwei Liu , Xiaochun Cao

Alignment tuning has enabled large language models to excel in reasoning, instruction-following, and minimizing harmful generations. However, despite their widespread deployment, these models exhibit a monolingual bias, raising concerns…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-04 Nikhil Verma , Manasa Bharadwaj

Large language models (LLMs) and LLM-based agents have been widely deployed in a wide range of applications in the real world, including healthcare diagnostics, financial analysis, customer support, robotics, and autonomous driving,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Wenrui Xu , Keshab K. Parhi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance across various applications, but their deployment in real-world settings faces several risks, including jailbreak attacks and privacy leaks. To mitigate these risks, numerous…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Xiangtao Meng , Tianshuo Cong , Li Wang , Wenyu Chen , Zheng Li , Shanqing Guo , Xiaoyun Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming cybersecurity by enabling intelligent, adaptive, and automated approaches to threat detection, vulnerability assessment, and incident response. With their advanced language understanding and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-21 Niveen O. Jaffal , Mohammed Alkhanafseh , David Mohaisen

Distributed algorithms have many mission-critical applications ranging from embedded systems and replicated databases to cloud computing. Due to asynchronous communication, process faults, or network failures, these algorithms are difficult…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2016-11-10 Igor Konnov , Marijana Lazic , Helmut Veith , Josef Widder

Large language models (LLMs) have acquired the ability to handle longer context lengths and understand nuances in text, expanding their dialogue capabilities beyond a single utterance. A popular user-facing application of LLMs is the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-29 Terry Tong , Jiashu Xu , Qin Liu , Muhao Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit impressive capabilities but also present risks such as biased content generation and privacy issues. One of the current alignment techniques includes principle-driven integration, but it faces challenges…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Yi Luo , Zhenghao Lin , Yuhao Zhang , Jiashuo Sun , Chen Lin , Chengjin Xu , Xiangdong Su , Yelong Shen , Jian Guo , Yeyun Gong

The rapid progress in open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) is significantly driving AI development forward. However, there is still a limited understanding of their trustworthiness. Deploying these models at scale without sufficient…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-03 Lingbo Mo , Boshi Wang , Muhao Chen , Huan Sun

LLM-powered applications routinely embed secrets in system prompts, yet models can be tricked into revealing them. We built an adaptive attacker that evolves its strategies over hundreds of rounds and tested it against nine defense…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Priyal Deep , Shane Emmons , Amy Fox , Kyle Bacon , Kelley McAllister , Peter Ortiz , Krisztian Flautner

Ensuring the safety of language models (LMs) while maintaining their usefulness remains a critical challenge in AI alignment. Current approaches rely on sequential adversarial training: generating adversarial prompts and fine-tuning LMs to…

Large language model (LLM)-powered multi-agent systems (MAS) enable agents to communicate and share information, achieving strong performance on complex tasks. However, this communication also creates an attack surface where malicious…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Lingxi Zhang , Guangtao Zheng , Hanjie Chen

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into real-world decision-making systems, understanding their behavioural vulnerabilities remains a critical challenge for AI safety and alignment. While existing evaluation…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Lili Zhang , Haomiaomiao Wang , Long Cheng , Libao Deng , Tomas Ward

Large language models (LLMs) have seen significant advancements, achieving superior performance in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, from understanding to reasoning. However, they remain vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-28 Chen Chen , Yuchen Sun , Xueluan Gong , Jiaxin Gao , Kwok-Yan Lam

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed software development, enabling AI-powered applications known as LLM-based agents that promise to automate tasks across diverse apps and workflows. Yet, the security implications of deploying…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-07 Chenghao Du , Quanfeng Huang , Tingxuan Tang , Zihao Wang , Adwait Nadkarni , Yue Xiao

As Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly permeate human life, their security has emerged as a critical concern, particularly their ability to maintain harmless responses to malicious instructions. Although extensive methods have…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Yanrui Du , Fenglei Fan , Sendong Zhao , Jiawei Cao , Ting Liu , Bing Qin

Recent breakthroughs in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to their adoption across a wide range of tasks, ranging from code generation to machine translation and sentiment analysis, etc. Red teaming/Safety alignment efforts show that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-25 Essa Jan , Nouar AlDahoul , Moiz Ali , Faizan Ahmad , Fareed Zaffar , Yasir Zaki

Large Language Models (LLMs) have greatly advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP), particularly through instruction tuning, which enables broad task generalization without additional fine-tuning. However, their reliance on large-scale…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 San Kim , Gary Geunbae Lee