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General-purpose large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable generative and reasoning capabilities but remain limited in healthcare and caregiving applications due to two key deficiencies: factual unreliability and a lack of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Emre Umucu , Guillermina Solis , Leon Garza , Emilia Rivas , Beatrice Lee , Anantaa Kotal , Aritran Piplai

Motivated by in-context learning (ICL) capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), multimodal LLMs with additional visual modality are also exhibited with similar ICL abilities when multiple image-text pairs are provided as…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-02-10 Nan Xu , Fei Wang , Sheng Zhang , Hoifung Poon , Muhao Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in enterprise workflows, yet their performance remains highly sensitive to prompt design. Automatic Prompt Optimization (APO) seeks to mitigate this instability, but existing approaches…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Wei Chen , Yanbin Fang , Shuran Fu , Fasheng Xu , Xuan Wei

Reliable responses from large language models (LLMs) require adherence to user instructions and retrieved information. While alignment techniques help LLMs align with human intentions and values, improving context-faithfulness through…

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has proven effective at improving the performance of large language models (LLMs) on downstream tasks such as reasoning and alignment. In this work, we propose Step-Controlled DPO (SCDPO), a method for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-16 Zimu Lu , Aojun Zhou , Ke Wang , Houxing Ren , Weikang Shi , Junting Pan , Mingjie Zhan , Hongsheng Li

Human preference alignment is critical in building powerful and reliable large language models (LLMs). However, current methods either ignore the multi-dimensionality of human preferences (e.g. helpfulness and harmlessness) or struggle with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Xingzhou Lou , Junge Zhang , Jian Xie , Lifeng Liu , Dong Yan , Kaiqi Huang

Recent advancements in Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have attracted interest in their generalization capability with only a few samples in the prompt. This progress is particularly relevant to the medical domain, where the quality and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-06 Seonhee Cho , Choonghan Kim , Jiho Lee , Chetan Chilkunda , Sujin Choi , Joo Heung Yoon

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive abilities for multimodal content comprehension and reasoning with proper prompting in zero- or few-shot settings. Despite the proliferation of interactive systems developed to support…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2024-10-01 Jianben He , Xingbo Wang , Shiyi Liu , Guande Wu , Claudio Silva , Huamin Qu

As large language models (LLMs) become more capable, fine-tuning techniques for aligning with human intent are increasingly important. A key consideration for aligning these models is how to most effectively use human resources, or model…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-01 William Muldrew , Peter Hayes , Mingtian Zhang , David Barber

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled unified multimodal understanding and generation. However, they still struggle with fine-grained text-image alignment, often failing to faithfully depict objects with…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Yoonjin Oh , Yongjin Kim , Hyomin Kim , Donghwan Chi , Sungwoong Kim

Large language models (LLMs), despite their extensive pretraining on diverse datasets, require effective alignment to human preferences for practical and reliable deployment. Conventional alignment methods typically employ off-policy…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Hyeonji Lee , Daejin Jo , Seohwan Yun , Sungwoong Kim

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), built on powerful language backbones, have enabled Multimodal In-Context Learning (MICL)-adapting to new tasks from a few multimodal demonstrations consisting of images, questions, and answers.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Shuo Chen , Jianzhe Liu , Zhen Han , Yan Xia , Daniel Cremers , Philip Torr , Volker Tresp , Jindong Gu

Despite recent advances in Large Video Language Models (LVLMs), they still struggle with fine-grained temporal understanding, hallucinate, and often make simple mistakes on even simple video question-answering tasks, all of which pose…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Pritam Sarkar , Ali Etemad

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved great success across diverse tasks, and fine-tuning is sometimes needed to further enhance generation quality. Most existing methods rely on human supervision or parameter retraining, both of which…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Zhen-Yu Zhang , Jiandong Zhang , Huaxiu Yao , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Recent studies have shown that large language models' (LLMs) mathematical problem-solving capabilities can be enhanced by integrating external tools, such as code interpreters, and employing multi-turn Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning.…

Matching job descriptions (JDs) with suitable talent requires models capable of understanding not only textual similarities between JDs and candidate resumes but also contextual factors such as geographical location and academic seniority.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-17 Yafei Zhang , Murray Wang , Yu Wang , Xiaohui Wang

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) guides large language models (LLMs) to generate recommendations aligned with user historical behavior distributions by minimizing preference alignment loss. However, our systematic empirical research and…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Chu Zhao , Enneng Yang , Jianzhe Zhao , Guibing Guo

Although video multimodal large language models (video MLLMs) have achieved substantial progress in video captioning tasks, it remains challenging to adjust the focal emphasis of video captions according to human preferences. To address…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-03 Jiyang Tang , Hengyi Li , Yifan Du , Wayne Xin Zhao

Alignment of large language models (LLMs) has predominantly relied on pairwise preference optimization, where annotators select the better of two responses to a prompt. While simple, this approach overlooks the opportunity to learn from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Yuxuan Tang , Yifan Feng

In the realm of large language models (LLMs), the ability of models to accurately follow instructions is paramount as more agents and applications leverage LLMs for construction, where the complexity of instructions are rapidly increasing.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-18 Xinghua Zhang , Haiyang Yu , Cheng Fu , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li