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The hypothesis of lunar origin by a single giant impact can explain some aspects of the Earth-Moon system. However, it is difficult to reconcile giant impact models with the compositional similarity of the Earth and Moon without violating…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-03-07 Raluca Rufu , Oded Aharonson , Hagai B. Perets

The Moon is generally thought to have formed from the debris ejected by the impact of a planet-sized object with the proto-Earth towards the end of planetary accretion. Modeling of the impact process predicts that the lunar material was…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2016-04-19 Kaveh Pahlevan , Alessandro Morbidelli

The Earth-Moon system is suggested to have formed through a single giant collision, in which the Moon accreted from the impact-generated debris disk. However, such giant impacts are rare, and during its evolution the Earth experienced many…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-08-01 Robert I. Citron , Hagai B. Perets , Oded Aharonson

In the leading theory of lunar formation, known as the giant impact hypothesis, a collision between two planet-size objects resulted in a young Earth surrounded by a circumplanetary debris disk from which the Moon later accreted. The range…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-07-13 Miles Timpe , Christian Reinhardt , Thomas Meier , Joachim Stadel , Ben Moore

Three principal concepts regarding lunar formation have been examined: the accretion hypothesis, the mega-impact theory, and the multi-impact model. The multi-impact model amalgamates the salient facets of the mega-impact theory and the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-10-27 Nick Gorkavyi

In the leading theory of lunar formation, known as the giant impact hypothesis, a collision between two planet-size objects resulted in a young Earth surrounded by a circumplanetary debris disk from which the Moon later accreted. The range…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-11-20 Thomas Meier , Christian Reinhardt , Miles Timpe , Joachim Stadel , Ben Moore

Current lunar origin scenarios suggest that Earth's Moon may have resulted from the merger of two (or more) smaller moonlets. Dynamical studies of multiple moons find that these satellite systems are not stable, resulting in moonlet…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-04-05 Raluca Rufu , Oded Aharonson

The leading hypothesis for the origin of the Moon, that of a single giant impact, faces significant challenges. These include either the need for an impactor with a near-identical composition to Earth or an extremely high-mass or…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-12-12 Harrison Davies , Philip J. Carter , Louis Eddershaw , Jingyao Dou , Zoë M. Leinhardt

The giant impact hypothesis is the dominant theory of how the Earth-Moon system was formed. Models have been created that can produce a disk of debris with the proper mass and composition to create our Moon. Models have also been created…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2013-07-29 Justin C. Eiland , Travis C. Salzillo , Brett H. Hokr , Justin L. Highland , Bryant M. Wyatt

The leading theory for the origin of the Moon is the giant impact hypothesis, in which the Moon was formed out of the debris left over from the collision of a Mars-sized body with the Earth. Soon after its formation, the orbit of the Moon…

科普物理 · 物理学 2015-03-11 Emil Noordeh , Patrick Hall , Matija Cuk

According to the standard giant impact hypothesis, the Moon formed from a partially vaporized disk generated by a collision between the proto Earth and a Mars sized impactor. The initial structure of the disk significantly affects the Moon…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2014-01-15 Miki Nakajima , David J. Stevenson

The Moon is traditionally thought to have coalesced from the debris ejected by a giant impact onto the early Earth. However, such models struggle to explain the similar isotopic compositions of Earth and lunar rocks at the same time as the…

Simulations of the moon-forming impact suggest that most of the lunar material derives from the impactor rather than the Earth. Measurements of lunar samples, however, reveal an oxygen isotope composition that is indistinguishable from…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2010-12-27 Kaveh Pahlevan , David Stevenson

Recent high-precision measurements of the isotopic composition of lunar rocks demonstrate that the bulk silicate Earth and the Moon show an unexpectedly high degree of similarity. This is inconsistent with one of the primary results of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2013-01-14 R. J. de Meijer , V. F. Anisichkin , W. van Westrenen

The Giant Impact is currently accepted as the leading theory for the formation of Earth's Moon. Successful scenarios for lunar origin should be able to explain the chemical composition of the Moon (volatile content and stable isotope…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-11-15 Amy C. Barr

During the last stages of the terrestrial planet formation, planets grow mainly through giant-impacts with large planetary embryos. The Earth's Moon was suggested to form through one of these impacts. However, since the proto-Earth has…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2018-07-11 Uri Malamud , Hagai B. Perets , Christoph Schafer , Christoph Burger

According to the giant impact theory, the Moon formed through accreting the debris disk produced by a collision between Theia and the proto-Earth, and the predicted lunar orbital inclination relative to the Earth's equatorial plane is about…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-04-01 Wenshuai Liu

Exomoons orbiting terrestrial or super-terrestrial exoplanets have not yet been discovered; their possible existence and properties are therefore still an unresolved question. Here we explore the collisional formation of exomoons through…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-01-29 Uri Malamud , Hagai B. Perets , Christoph Schaefer , Christoph Burger

Most of the properties of the Earth-Moon system can be explained by a collision between a planetary embryo and the growing Earth late in the accretion process. Simulations show that most of the material that eventually aggregates to form…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-24 Alessandra Mastrobuono-Battisti , Hagai B. Perets , Sean N. Raymond

We simulate the hypothesised collision between the proto-Earth and a Mars-sized impactor that created the Moon. Amongst the resulting debris disk in some impacts, we find a self-gravitating clump of material. It is roughly the mass of the…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-12-09 Sergio Ruiz-Bonilla , Vincent R. Eke , Jacob A. Kegerreis , Richard J. Massey , Luis F. A. Teodoro
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