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Due to limited supervised training data, large language models (LLMs) are typically pre-trained via a self-supervised "predict the next word" objective on a vast amount of unstructured text data. To make the resulting model useful to users,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Ajay Patel , Colin Raffel , Chris Callison-Burch

Large Language Models (LLMs) have seen great advance in both academia and industry, and their popularity results in numerous open-source frameworks and techniques in accelerating LLM pre-training, fine-tuning, and inference. Training and…

We investigate security concerns of the emergent instruction tuning paradigm, that models are trained on crowdsourced datasets with task instructions to achieve superior performance. Our studies demonstrate that an attacker can inject…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-04 Jiashu Xu , Mingyu Derek Ma , Fei Wang , Chaowei Xiao , Muhao Chen

Generative large language models (LLMs) are a promising alternative to pre-trained language models for entity matching due to their high zero-shot performance and ability to generalize to unseen entities. Existing research on using LLMs for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Aaron Steiner , Ralph Peeters , Christian Bizer

As large language models (LLMs) become more powerful and are deployed more autonomously, it will be increasingly important to prevent them from causing harmful outcomes. Researchers have investigated a variety of safety techniques for this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-24 Ryan Greenblatt , Buck Shlegeris , Kshitij Sachan , Fabien Roger

Large language models (LLMs) can be leveraged to help with writing formulas in spreadsheets, but resources on these formulas are scarce, impacting both the base performance of pre-trained models and limiting the ability to fine-tune them.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-14 Usneek Singh , José Cambronero , Sumit Gulwani , Aditya Kanade , Anirudh Khatry , Vu Le , Mukul Singh , Gust Verbruggen

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly employed in information-seeking and decision-making tasks. Despite their broad utility, LLMs tend to generate information that conflicts with real-world facts, and their persuasive style can…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-19 Arslan Chaudhry , Sridhar Thiagarajan , Dilan Gorur

There is a growing interest in natural language-based user profiles for recommender systems, which aims to enhance transparency and scrutability compared with embedding-based methods. Existing studies primarily generate these profiles using…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-02-14 Zhaolin Gao , Joyce Zhou , Yijia Dai , Thorsten Joachims

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance, their deployment often involves fine-tuning to enhance performance on specific downstream tasks. However, this customization is sometimes accompanied by misleading claims about the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Hongyu Liang , Yuting Zheng , Yihan Li , Yiran Zhang , Shiyu Liang

This paper presents a novel method for utilizing fine-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) to minimize data requirements in load profile analysis, demonstrated through the restoration of missing data in power system load profiles. A two-stage…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Yi Hu , Hyeonjin Kim , Kai Ye , Ning Lu

Nowadays, billions of people engage in communication and express their opinions on the internet daily. Unfortunately, not all of these expressions are friendly or compliant, making content moderation an indispensable task. A common approach…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-08 Huan Ma , Changqing Zhang , Huazhu Fu , Peilin Zhao , Bingzhe Wu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in decision-making contexts, but when they present answers without signaling low confidence, users may unknowingly act on erroneous outputs. Prior work shows that LLMs maintain internal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-23 Mark Steyvers , Catarina Belem , Padhraic Smyth

The synthesis of inductive loop invariants is a critical bottleneck in automated program verification. While Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise in mitigating this issue, they often fail on hard instances, generating invariants that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Ido Pinto , Yizhak Yisrael Elboher , Haoze Wu , Nina Narodytska , Guy Katz

Large Language Models (LLMs) are typically trained in two phases: pre-training on large internet-scale datasets, and fine-tuning for downstream tasks. Given the higher computational demand of pre-training, it's intuitive to assume that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 James Liu , Guangxuan Xiao , Kai Li , Jason D. Lee , Song Han , Tri Dao , Tianle Cai

We surface a new threat to closed-weight Large Language Models (LLMs) that enables an attacker to compute optimization-based prompt injections. Specifically, we characterize how an attacker can leverage the loss-like information returned…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Andrey Labunets , Nishit V. Pandya , Ashish Hooda , Xiaohan Fu , Earlence Fernandes

Code review is essential for maintaining software quality but often time-consuming and cognitively demanding, especially in industrial environments. Recent advancements in language models (LMs) have opened new avenues for automating core…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Igli Begolli , Meltem Aksoy , Daniel Neider

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional multitasking abilities, fine-tuning these models on downstream, domain-specific datasets is often necessary to yield superior performance on test sets compared to their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-15 Haoran Yang , Yumeng Zhang , Jiaqi Xu , Hongyuan Lu , Pheng Ann Heng , Wai Lam

In an era where language models are increasingly integrated into decision-making and communication, understanding the biases within Large Language Models (LLMs) becomes imperative, especially when these models are applied in the economic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-30 Ahmed Agiza , Mohamed Mostagir , Sherief Reda

Modern language models (LMs) have gained widespread acceptance in everyday and professional contexts, particularly in programming. An essential procedure enabling this adoption is instruction tuning, which substantially enhances LMs'…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-15 Jingxuan He , Mark Vero , Gabriela Krasnopolska , Martin Vechev

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success, where instruction tuning is the critical step in aligning LLMs with user intentions. In this work, we investigate how the instruction tuning adjusts pre-trained models with a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-05 Xuansheng Wu , Wenlin Yao , Jianshu Chen , Xiaoman Pan , Xiaoyang Wang , Ninghao Liu , Dong Yu