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While sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have generated significant excitement, a series of negative results have added to skepticism about their usefulness. Here, we establish a conceptual distinction that reconciles competing narratives…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Kenny Peng , Rajiv Movva , Jon Kleinberg , Emma Pierson , Nikhil Garg

Confidence estimation of predictions from an End-to-End (E2E) Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) model benefits ASR's downstream and upstream tasks. Class-probability-based confidence scores do not accurately represent the quality of…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-01-09 Nagarathna Ravi , Thishyan Raj T , Vipul Arora

Reward models (RMs) are critical components of alignment pipelines, yet they exhibit biases toward superficial stylistic cues, preferring better-presented responses over semantically superior ones. Existing debiasing methods typically…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-16 Mengyuan Sun , Zhuohao Yu , Weizheng Gu , Shikun Zhang , Wei Ye

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) model the activations of a neural network as linear combinations of sparsely occurring directions of variation (latents). The ability of SAEs to reconstruct activations follows scaling laws w.r.t. the number of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-05 Eric J. Michaud , Liv Gorton , Tom McGrath

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are increasingly used to extract activation directions for inference-time steering, but their standard sparsity objective treats latent features as independent. This prior can be poorly matched to high-level…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Jehyeok Yeon , Federico Cinus , Yifan Wu , Luca Luceri

Large-scale text-to-image diffusion models have become the backbone of modern image editing, yet text prompts alone do not offer adequate control over the editing process. Two properties are especially desirable: disentanglement, where…

图形学 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Ronen Kamenetsky , Sara Dorfman , Daniel Garibi , Roni Paiss , Or Patashnik , Daniel Cohen-Or

We study the challenge of achieving theoretically grounded feature recovery using Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) for the interpretation of Large Language Models. Existing SAE training algorithms often lack rigorous mathematical guarantees and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-18 Siyu Chen , Heejune Sheen , Xuyuan Xiong , Tianhao Wang , Zhuoran Yang

Is there really much more to say about sparse autoencoders (SAEs)? Autoencoders in general, and SAEs in particular, represent deep architectures that are capable of modeling low-dimensional latent structure in data. Such structure could…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-09 Yin Lu , Xuening Zhu , Tong He , David Wipf

Vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world and embodied settings where safety decisions depend on visual context. However, it remains unclear which visual evidence drives these judgments. We study whether…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Carlos Hinojosa , Clemens Grange , Bernard Ghanem

It is assumed that sparse autoencoders (SAEs) decompose polysemantic activations into interpretable linear directions, as long as the activations are composed of sparse linear combinations of underlying features. However, we find that if an…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 David Chanin , Tomáš Dulka , Adrià Garriga-Alonso

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) that can accurately reconstruct their input (minimizing distortion) by making efficient use of few features (minimizing the rate) often fail to learn monosemantic representations (highly interpretable), limiting…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Tommaso Mencattini , Francesco Montagna , Francesco Locatello

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have become an important tool for analyzing and interpreting the activation space of transformer-based language models (LMs). However, SAEs suffer several shortcomings that diminish their utility and internal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-27 Ryosuke Takahashi , Tatsuro Inaba , Kentaro Inui , Benjamin Heinzerling

Transformer models have become state-of-the-art in decoding stimuli and behavior from neural activity, significantly advancing neuroscience research. Yet greater transparency in their decision-making processes would substantially enhance…

定量方法 · 定量生物学 2025-06-18 Laurence Freeman , Philip Shamash , Vinam Arora , Caswell Barry , Tiago Branco , Eva Dyer

Post-training adaptation of language models is commonly achieved through parameter updates or input-based methods such as fine-tuning, parameter-efficient adaptation, and prompting. In parallel, a growing body of work modifies internal…

Recent work on sparse autoencoders (SAEs) has shown promise in extracting interpretable features from neural networks and addressing challenges with polysemantic neurons caused by superposition. In this paper, we apply SAEs to the early…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-10 Liv Gorton

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) provide a powerful mechanism for decomposing the dense representations produced by Large Language Models (LLMs) into interpretable latent features. We posit that SAEs constitute a natural foundation for Learned…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Thibault Formal , Maxime Louis , Hervé Dejean , Stéphane Clinchant

In this work, we demonstrate that affine mappings between residual streams of language models is a cheap way to effectively transfer represented features between models. We apply this technique to transfer the weights of Sparse Autoencoders…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Alan Chen , Jack Merullo , Alessandro Stolfo , Ellie Pavlick

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have received considerable recent attention as tools for mechanistic interpretability, showing success at extracting interpretable features even from very large LLMs. However, this research has been largely…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Jeremy Budd , Javier Ideami , Benjamin Macdowall Rynne , Keith Duggar , Randall Balestriero

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are widely used in mechanistic interpretability research for large language models; however, the state-of-the-art method of using $k$-sparse autoencoders lacks a theoretical grounding for selecting the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-11 Sewoong Lee , Adam Davies , Marc E. Canby , Julia Hockenmaier

Variational autoencoder-based voice conversion (VAE-VC) has the advantage of requiring only pairs of speeches and speaker labels for training. Unlike the majority of the research in VAE-VC which focuses on utilizing auxiliary losses or…

声音 · 计算机科学 2021-12-07 Kei Akuzawa , Kotaro Onishi , Keisuke Takiguchi , Kohki Mametani , Koichiro Mori