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The high memory and computation demand of large language models (LLMs) makes them challenging to be deployed on consumer devices due to limited GPU memory. Offloading can mitigate the memory constraint but often suffers from low GPU…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-06-16 Yangyijian Liu , Jun Li , Wu-Jun Li

Efficient LLM inference on resource-constrained devices presents significant challenges in compute and memory utilization. Due to limited GPU memory, existing systems offload model weights to CPU memory, incurring substantial I/O overhead…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Xiangwen Zhuge , Xu Shen , Zeyu Wang , Fan Dang , Xuan Ding , Danyang Li , Yahui Han , Tianxiang Hao , Zheng Yang

The billion-scale Large Language Models (LLMs) need deployment on expensive server-grade GPUs with large-storage HBMs and abundant computation capability. As LLM-assisted services become popular, achieving cost-effective LLM inference on…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Lian Liu , Shixin Zhao , Bing Li , Haimeng Ren , Zhaohui Xu , Mengdi Wang , Xiaowei Li , Yinhe Han , Ying Wang

Inference on large-language models (LLMs) is constrained by GPU memory capacity. A sudden increase in the number of inference requests to a cloud-hosted LLM can deplete GPU memory, leading to contention between multiple prompts for limited…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-02-24 Abhishek Vijaya Kumar , Gianni Antichi , Rachee Singh

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results across various tasks, yet their high computational demands pose deployment challenges, especially on consumer-grade hardware. Mixture of Experts (MoE) models provide an efficient…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-12-19 En-Ming Huang , Li-Shang Lin , Chun-Yi Lee

The computational and memory demands of large language models for generative inference present significant challenges for practical deployment. One promising solution targeting offline inference is offloading-based batched inference, which…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-02-09 Hongsun Jang , Jaeyong Song , Changmin Shin , Si Ung Noh , Jaewon Jung , Jisung Park , Jinho Lee

Large language models now serve millions of users daily, with providers incurring costs exceeding $700,000 per day. Each request requires token-by-token inference, making GPU scheduling central to latency, capacity, and cost. The difficulty…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Ruicheng Ao , Gan Luo , David Simchi-Levi , Xinshang Wang

LLMs are increasingly used world-wide from daily tasks to agentic systems and data analytics, requiring significant GPU resources. LLM inference systems, however, are slow compared to database systems, and inference performance and…

性能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-03 Kyoungmin Kim , Jiacheng Li , Kijae Hong , Anastasia Ailamaki

With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), efficiently serving LLM inference under limited GPU resources has become a critical challenge. Recently, an increasing number of studies have explored applying serverless computing…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Zijie Su , Muhammed Tawfiqul Islam , Mohammad Goudarzi , Adel N. Toosi

Deploying large language models (LLMs) for online inference is often constrained by limited GPU memory, particularly due to the growing KV cache during auto-regressive decoding. Hybrid GPU-CPU execution has emerged as a promising solution…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-01-16 Jiakun Fan , Yanglin Zhang , Xiangchen Li , Dimitrios S. Nikolopoulos

Large Language Model (LLM) inference, where a trained model generates text one word at a time in response to user prompts, is a computationally intensive process requiring efficient scheduling to optimize latency and resource utilization. A…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-16 Patrick Jaillet , Jiashuo Jiang , Konstantina Mellou , Marco Molinaro , Chara Podimata , Zijie Zhou

Inference for Large Language Models (LLMs) is computationally demanding. To reduce the cost of auto-regressive decoding, Key-Value (KV) cache is used to store intermediate activations, which significantly lowers the computational overhead…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Chaoyi Jiang , Lei Gao , Hossein Entezari Zarch , Murali Annavaram

The widespread of Large Language Models (LLMs) marks a significant milestone in generative AI. Nevertheless, the increasing context length and batch size in offline LLM inference escalate the memory requirement of the key-value (KV) cache,…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2024-09-10 Xiurui Pan , Endian Li , Qiao Li , Shengwen Liang , Yizhou Shan , Ke Zhou , Yingwei Luo , Xiaolin Wang , Jie Zhang

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive performance in long context generation. Extending the context length has disproportionately shifted the memory footprint of LLMs during inference to the key-value cache…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-19 Cheng Luo , Zefan Cai , Hanshi Sun , Jinqi Xiao , Bo Yuan , Wen Xiao , Junjie Hu , Jiawei Zhao , Beidi Chen , Anima Anandkumar

Distributed prefix caching has become a core technique for efficient LLM serving. However, for long-context requests with high cache hit ratios, retrieving reusable KVCache blocks from remote servers has emerged as a new performance…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Weiye Wang , Chen Chen , Junxue Zhang , Zhusheng Wang , Hui Yuan , Zixuan Guan , Xiaolong Zheng , Qizhen Weng , Yin Chen , Minyi Guo

The rapid growth of generative AI and its integration into everyday workflows have significantly increased the demand for large language model (LLM) inference services. While proprietary models remain popular, recent advancements in…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Linyu Wu , Xiaoyuan Liu , Tianneng Shi , Zhe Ye , Dawn Song

Large Language Model (LLM) inference on large-scale systems is expected to dominate future cloud infrastructures. Efficient LLM inference in cloud environments with numerous AI accelerators is challenging, necessitating extensive…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2024-11-11 Ilias Bournias , Lukas Cavigelli , Georgios Zacharopoulos

The increasing adoption of large language models (LLMs) necessitates inference serving systems that can deliver both high throughput and low latency. Deploying LLMs with hundreds of billions of parameters on memory-constrained GPUs exposes…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 Bowen Pang , Kai Li , Feifan Wang

The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) has created significant challenges for efficient inference at scale. Unlike traditional workloads, LLM inference is constrained by both computation and the memory overhead of key-value (KV)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Chengyi Nie , Nian Si , Zijie Zhou

Large language models have been widely adopted across different tasks, but their auto-regressive generation nature often leads to inefficient resource utilization during inference. While batching is commonly used to increase throughput,…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-07-14 Pol G. Recasens , Ferran Agullo , Yue Zhu , Chen Wang , Eun Kyung Lee , Olivier Tardieu , Jordi Torres , Josep Ll. Berral
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