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The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) has spurred extensive research into their encoded moral norms and decision-making processes. Much of this research relies on prompting LLMs with survey-style questions to assess how well…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-01-31 Pratik S. Sachdeva , Tom van Nuenen

Self-improvement is a mechanism in Large Language Model (LLM) pre-training, post-training and test-time inference. We explore a framework where the model verifies its own outputs, filters or reweights data based on this verification, and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-26 Yuda Song , Hanlin Zhang , Carson Eisenach , Sham Kakade , Dean Foster , Udaya Ghai

This survey paper outlines the key developments in the field of Large Language Models (LLMs), including enhancements to their reasoning skills, adaptability to various tasks, increased computational efficiency, and the ability to make…

The fairness and trustworthiness of Large Language Models (LLMs) are receiving increasing attention. Implicit hate speech, which employs indirect language to convey hateful intentions, occupies a significant portion of practice. However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-24 Min Zhang , Jianfeng He , Taoran Ji , Chang-Tien Lu

Despite substantial efforts toward improving the moral alignment of Vision-Language Models (VLMs), it remains unclear whether their ethical judgments are stable in realistic settings. This work studies moral robustness in VLMs, defined as…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly surpassing human knowledge in many domains. While improving these models traditionally relies on costly human data, recent self-rewarding mechanisms (Yuan et al., 2024) have shown that LLMs can…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-31 Tianhao Wu , Weizhe Yuan , Olga Golovneva , Jing Xu , Yuandong Tian , Jiantao Jiao , Jason Weston , Sainbayar Sukhbaatar

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been transformative. They are pre-trained foundational models that are self-supervised and can be adapted with fine tuning to a wide range of natural language tasks, each of which previously would have…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-02-22 Terrence Sejnowski

Reliable evaluation is essential in machine learning research, yet methodological flaws-particularly data leakage-continue to undermine the validity of reported results. In this work, we investigate whether large language models (LLMs) can…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Domonkos Varga

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit compelling linguistic behaviour, and sometimes offer self-reports, that is to say statements about their own nature, inner workings, or behaviour. In humans, such reports are often attributed to a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-09 Iulia M. Comsa , Murray Shanahan

Formal specifications are essential for ensuring software correctness, yet manually writing them is tedious and error-prone. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in generating such specifications from natural language intents,…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Gehao Zhang , Zhenting Wang , Juan Zhai

Large language models (LLMs) can sometimes report the strategies they actually use to solve tasks, yet at other times seem unable to recognize those strategies that govern their behavior. This suggests a limited degree of metacognition -…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-27 Li Ji-An , Hua-Dong Xiong , Robert C. Wilson , Marcelo G. Mattar , Marcus K. Benna

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in domains requiring moral understanding, yet their reasoning often remains shallow, and misaligned with human reasoning. Unlike humans, whose moral reasoning integrates contextual…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Mohna Chakraborty , Lu Wang , David Jurgens

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence, demonstrating remarkable computational power and linguistic capabilities. However, these models are inherently prone to various biases stemming from their training…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-14 Riccardo Cantini , Giada Cosenza , Alessio Orsino , Domenico Talia

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated revolutionary capabilities in understanding complex contexts and performing a wide range of tasks. However, LLMs can also answer questions that are unethical or harmful, raising concerns about…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-15 Kang Yang , Guanhong Tao , Xun Chen , Jun Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, yet their transition to real-world applications reveals a critical limitation: the inability to adapt to individual preferences while maintaining alignment with…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-06 Jian Guan , Junfei Wu , Jia-Nan Li , Chuanqi Cheng , Wei Wu

Recent work has explored the use of large language models (LLMs) to generate tutoring responses in mathematics, yet it remains unclear how closely their instructional behavior aligns with expert human practice. We analyze a dataset of math…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Ramatu Oiza Abdulsalam , Segun Aroyehun

Large Language Models (LLMs) interact with millions of people worldwide in applications such as customer support, education and healthcare. However, their ability to produce deceptive outputs, whether intentionally or inadvertently, poses…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Marwa Abdulhai , Ryan Cheng , Aryansh Shrivastava , Natasha Jaques , Yarin Gal , Sergey Levine

Large Language Models (LLMs) behave non-deterministically, and prompting has become a common method for steering their outputs. A popular strategy is to assign a persona to the model to produce more varied, context-sensitive responses,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Bruce W. Lee , Yeongheon Lee , Hyunsoo Cho

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly mediate ethically sensitive decisions, understanding their moral reasoning processes becomes imperative. This study presents a comprehensive empirical evaluation of 14 leading LLMs, both…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Junchen Ding , Penghao Jiang , Zihao Xu , Ziqi Ding , Yichen Zhu , Jiaojiao Jiang , Yuekang Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have excelled at language understanding and generating human-level text. However, even with supervised training and human alignment, these LLMs are susceptible to adversarial attacks where malicious users can…