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Neural Collapse (NC) gives a precise description of the representations of classes in the final hidden layer of classification neural networks. This description provides insights into how these networks learn features and generalize well…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-08 Liam Parker , Emre Onal , Anton Stengel , Jake Intrater

Implicit-depth models such as Deep Equilibrium Networks have recently been shown to match or exceed the performance of traditional deep networks while being much more memory efficient. However, these models suffer from unstable convergence…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-05-05 Ezra Winston , J. Zico Kolter

Deep equilibrium networks (DEQs) are a promising way to construct models which trade off memory for compute. However, theoretical understanding of these models is still lacking compared to traditional networks, in part because of the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-07-20 Atish Agarwala , Samuel S. Schoenholz

Although deep neural networks achieve tremendous success on various classification tasks, the generalization ability drops sheer when training datasets exhibit long-tailed distributions. One of the reasons is that the learned…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-27 Xuantong Liu , Jianfeng Zhang , Tianyang Hu , He Cao , Lujia Pan , Yuan Yao

Implicit models such as Deep Equilibrium Models (DEQs) have garnered significant attention in the community for their ability to train infinite layer models with elegant solution-finding procedures and constant memory footprint. However,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-23 Haobo Song , Soumajit Majumder , Tao Lin

Implicit models separate the definition of a layer from the description of its solution process. While implicit layers allow features such as depth to adapt to new scenarios and inputs automatically, this adaptivity makes its computational…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-03-06 Avik Pal , Alan Edelman , Christopher Rackauckas

A deep equilibrium model uses implicit layers, which are implicitly defined through an equilibrium point of an infinite sequence of computation. It avoids any explicit computation of the infinite sequence by finding an equilibrium point…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-19 Kenji Kawaguchi

Deep Equilibrium (DEQ) Models, an emerging class of implicit models that maps inputs to fixed points of neural networks, are of growing interest in the deep learning community. However, training and applying DEQ models is currently done in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-31 Zhengyang Geng , J. Zico Kolter

The current paradigm of training deep neural networks for classification tasks includes minimizing the empirical risk that pushes the training loss value towards zero, even after the training error has been vanished. In this terminal phase…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Hien Dang , Tho Tran , Tan Nguyen , Nhat Ho

Deep Equilibrium Models (DEQs) are implicit neural networks with fixed points, which have recently gained attention for learning image regularization functionals, particularly in settings involving Gaussian fidelities, where assumptions on…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-11-19 Christian Daniele , Silvia Villa , Samuel Vaiter , Luca Calatroni

Deep equilibrium networks (DEQs) are a new class of models that eschews traditional depth in favor of finding the fixed point of a single nonlinear layer. These models have been shown to achieve performance competitive with the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-29 Shaojie Bai , Vladlen Koltun , J. Zico Kolter

Deep learning has achieved impressive performance across various medical imaging tasks. However, its inherent bias against specific groups hinders its clinical applicability in equitable healthcare systems. A recently discovered phenomenon,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-11-01 Kaouther Mouheb , Marawan Elbatel , Stefan Klein , Esther E. Bron

Many tasks in deep learning involve optimizing over the \emph{inputs} to a network to minimize or maximize some objective; examples include optimization over latent spaces in a generative model to match a target image, or adversarially…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-11-29 Swaminathan Gurumurthy , Shaojie Bai , Zachary Manchester , J. Zico Kolter

Neural collapse (NC) refers to the surprising structure of the last layer of deep neural networks in the terminal phase of gradient descent training. Recently, an increasing amount of experimental evidence has pointed to the propagation of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-23 Peter Súkeník , Marco Mondelli , Christoph Lampert

In this paper, we introduce the \textit{Layer-Peeled Model}, a nonconvex yet analytically tractable optimization program, in a quest to better understand deep neural networks that are trained for a sufficiently long time. As the name…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-05-11 Cong Fang , Hangfeng He , Qi Long , Weijie J. Su

Deep classifier neural networks enter the terminal phase of training (TPT) when training error reaches zero and tend to exhibit intriguing Neural Collapse (NC) properties. Neural collapse essentially represents a state at which the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-12 Vignesh Kothapalli

Deep Equilibrium Models (DEQs) replace a stack of explicit layers with a single operator whose fixed point defines the output, giving the expressive power of an arbitrarily deep network at the memory cost of a single layer. Quantum Deep…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-12 Pengyuan Xu , Tristan Zaborniak , Luis F. Rivera , Hausi A. Müller

Neural Collapse is a phenomenon that helps identify sparse and low rank structures in deep classifiers. Recent work has extended the definition of neural collapse to regression problems, albeit only measuring the phenomenon at the last…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Akshay Rangamani , Altay Unal

Deep Equilibrium Models (DEQs) are an established framework for image restoration that learn a problem-adapted regularization by solving a fixed-point (i.e. equilibrium) problem. While flexible and expressive, DEQs are often hindered by…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2026-05-20 Antonin Clerc , Marien Renaud , Baudouin Denis De Seneville , Nicolas Papadakis

Neural Collapse (NC) is a geometric structure recently observed at the terminal phase of training deep neural networks, which states that last-layer feature vectors for the same class would "collapse" to a single point, while features of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-06 Leyan Pan , Xinyuan Cao