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Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques hold significant potential for enhancing the causal discovery process, which is crucial for understanding complex systems in areas like healthcare, economics, and artificial intelligence.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Jesus Renero , Idoia Ochoa , Roberto Maestre

Saliency maps are a popular approach for explaining classifications of (convolutional) neural networks. However, it remains an open question as to how best to evaluate salience maps, with three families of evaluation methods commonly being…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-04-25 Felix Kares , Timo Speith , Hanwei Zhang , Markus Langer

Explanations are an important tool for gaining insights into the behavior of ML models, calibrating user trust and ensuring regulatory compliance. Past few years have seen a flurry of post-hoc methods for generating model explanations, many…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-24 Zahra Dehghanighobadi , Asja Fischer , Muhammad Bilal Zafar

Although standard Machine Learning models are optimized for making predictions about observations, more and more they are used for making predictions about the results of actions. An important goal of Explainable Artificial Intelligence…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-02-15 Sander Beckers

Autonomous multi-agent systems (MAS) are useful for automating complex tasks but raise trust concerns due to risks such as miscoordination or goal misalignment. Explainability is vital for users' trust calibration, but explainable MAS face…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-30 Bálint Gyevnár , Christopher G. Lucas , Stefano V. Albrecht , Shay B. Cohen

Model interpretability has become an important problem in machine learning (ML) due to the increased effect that algorithmic decisions have on humans. Counterfactual explanations can help users understand not only why ML models make certain…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-20 Ana Lucic , Harrie Oosterhuis , Hinda Haned , Maarten de Rijke

Session-based Recommendation (SR) systems have recently achieved considerable success, yet their complex, "black box" nature often obscures why certain recommendations are made. Existing explanation methods struggle to pinpoint truly…

社会与信息网络 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Han Zhou , Hui Fang , Zhu Sun , Wentao Hu

Explanation mechanisms from the field of Counterfactual Thinking are a widely-used paradigm for Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), as they follow a natural way of reasoning that humans are familiar with. However, all common…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-07-20 Silvan Mertes , Christina Karle , Tobias Huber , Katharina Weitz , Ruben Schlagowski , Elisabeth André

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has emerged as a critical area of research aimed at enhancing the transparency and interpretability of AI systems. Counterfactual Explanations (CFEs) offer valuable insights into the decision-making…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Orfeas Menis Mastromichalakis , Jason Liartis , Giorgos Stamou

As deep learning models are increasingly used in safety-critical applications, explainability and trustworthiness become major concerns. For simple images, such as low-resolution face portraits, synthesizing visual counterfactual…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-07-20 Paul Jacob , Éloi Zablocki , Hédi Ben-Younes , Mickaël Chen , Patrick Pérez , Matthieu Cord

While AI algorithms have shown remarkable success in various fields, their lack of transparency hinders their application to real-life tasks. Although explanations targeted at non-experts are necessary for user trust and human-AI…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-02-12 Jasmina Gajcin , Ivana Dusparic

Counterfactual Explanations (CFEs) interpret machine learning models by identifying the smallest change to input features needed to change the model's prediction to a desired output. For classification tasks, CFEs determine how close a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Margarita A. Guerrero , Cristian R. Rojas

Recent developments in machine learning have introduced models that approach human performance at the cost of increased architectural complexity. Efforts to make the rationales behind the models' predictions transparent have inspired an…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-09-29 Pepa Atanasova , Jakob Grue Simonsen , Christina Lioma , Isabelle Augenstein

Robustness has become one of the most critical problems in machine learning (ML). The science of interpreting ML models to understand their behavior and improve their robustness is referred to as explainable artificial intelligence (XAI).…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Patrick Koller , Amil V. Dravid , Guido M. Schuster , Aggelos K. Katsaggelos

Visual counterfactual explainers (VCEs) are a straightforward and promising approach to enhancing the transparency of image classifiers. VCEs complement other types of explanations, such as feature attribution, by revealing the specific…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Sidney Bender , Jan Herrmann , Klaus-Robert Müller , Grégoire Montavon

In the field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), counterfactual examples explain to a user the predictions of a trained decision model by indicating the modifications to be made to the instance so as to change its associated…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-05-11 Thibault Laugel , Adulam Jeyasothy , Marie-Jeanne Lesot , Christophe Marsala , Marcin Detyniecki

Counterfactual explanations (CEs) based on concepts are explanations that consider alternative scenarios to understand which high-level semantic features contributed to particular model predictions. In this work, we propose CEs based on the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-23 Angeliki Dimitriou , Maria Lymperaiou , Giorgos Filandrianos , Konstantinos Thomas , Giorgos Stamou

Text classification aims to effectively categorize documents into pre-defined categories. Traditional methods for text classification often rely on large amounts of manually annotated training data, making the process time-consuming and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-02 Daniel Hajialigol , Hanwen Liu , Xuan Wang

Recent work uncovered potential flaws in \eg attribution or heatmap based saliency methods. A typical flaw is a confirmations bias, where the scores are compared to human expectation. Since measuring the quality of saliency methods is hard…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-27 Leonid Schwenke , Martin Atzmueller

Machine learning based decision making systems applied in safety critical areas require reliable high certainty predictions. For this purpose, the system can be extended by an reject option which allows the system to reject inputs where…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-07-06 André Artelt , Barbara Hammer