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Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited exceptional performance across a spectrum of natural language processing tasks. However, their substantial sizes pose considerable challenges, particularly in computational demands and inference…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Guoxuan Chen , Han Shi , Jiawei Li , Yihang Gao , Xiaozhe Ren , Yimeng Chen , Xin Jiang , Zhenguo Li , Weiyang Liu , Chao Huang

Recent LLMs like DeepSeek-R1 have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance by integrating deep thinking and complex reasoning during generation. However, the internal mechanisms behind these reasoning processes remain unexplored. We…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional proficiency in understanding and generating human language, but efficient inference on resource-constrained embedded devices remains challenging due to large model sizes and…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Weihong Xu , Haein Choi , Po-kai Hsu , Shimeng Yu , Tajana Rosing

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized Natural Language Processing (NLP), but their size creates computational bottlenecks. We introduce a novel approach to create accurate, sparse foundational versions of performant LLMs that…

The growing computational demands of large language models (LLMs) make efficient inference and activation strategies increasingly critical. While recent approaches, such as Mixture-of-Experts (MoE), leverage selective activation but require…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Sihan Chen , Dan Zhao , Jongwoo Ko , Colby Banbury , Huiping Zhuang , Luming Liang , Pashmina Cameron , Tianyi Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various domains, yet deploying them on mobile devices remains an arduous challenge due to their extensive computational and memory demands. While lightweight LLMs have…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Tuowei Wang , Ruwen Fan , Minxing Huang , Zixu Hao , Kun Li , Ting Cao , Youyou Lu , Yaoxue Zhang , Ju Ren

In recent years, Transformer-based language models have become the standard approach for natural language processing tasks. However, stringent throughput and latency requirements in industrial applications are limiting their adoption. To…

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer strong capabilities but incur high inference costs due to dense computation and memory access. Training-free activation sparsity is a promising approach for efficient LLM inference, yet existing methods…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Lei Chen , Yuan Meng , Xiaoyu Zhan , Zhi Wang , Wenwu Zhu

Large language models deliver strong generative performance but at the cost of massive parameter counts, memory use, and decoding latency. Prior work has shown that pruning and structured sparsity can preserve accuracy under substantial…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Andrew Kiruluta

The computational challenges of Large Language Model (LLM) inference remain a significant barrier to their widespread deployment, especially as prompt lengths continue to increase. Due to the quadratic complexity of the attention…

We consider the problem of accurate sparse fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs), that is, fine-tuning pretrained LLMs on specialized tasks, while inducing sparsity in their weights. On the accuracy side, we observe that standard…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-16 Eldar Kurtic , Denis Kuznedelev , Elias Frantar , Michael Goin , Dan Alistarh

Transformers, driven by attention mechanisms, form the foundation of large language models (LLMs). As these models scale up, efficient GPU attention kernels become essential for high-throughput and low-latency inference. Diverse LLM…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-04-23 Zihao Ye , Lequn Chen , Ruihang Lai , Wuwei Lin , Yineng Zhang , Stephanie Wang , Tianqi Chen , Baris Kasikci , Vinod Grover , Arvind Krishnamurthy , Luis Ceze

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) can extract interpretable features from large language models (LLMs) without supervision. However, their effectiveness in downstream steering tasks is limited by the requirement for contrastive datasets or large…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Seonglae Cho , Zekun Wu , Adriano Koshiyama

As Large Language Models (LLMs) scale to longer context windows, the computational cost of attention mechanisms, which traditionally grows quadratically with input length, presents a critical challenge for real-time and memory-constrained…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-10 James Vo

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely applied but face challenges in efficient inference. While quantization methods reduce computational demands, ultra-low bit quantization with arbitrary precision is hindered by limited GPU Tensor…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-14 Shaobo Ma , Chao Fang , Haikuo Shao , Zhongfeng Wang

While the activations of neurons in deep neural networks usually do not have a simple human-understandable interpretation, sparse autoencoders (SAEs) can be used to transform these activations into a higher-dimensional latent space which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Gonçalo Paulo , Alex Mallen , Caden Juang , Nora Belrose

Prompt injection attacks pose a pervasive threat to the security of Large Language Models (LLMs). State-of-the-art prevention-based defenses typically rely on fine-tuning an LLM to enhance its security, but they achieve limited…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-17 Yupei Liu , Yanting Wang , Yuqi Jia , Jinyuan Jia , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

Large language models (LLMs) can solve challenging tasks. However, their inference computation on modern GPUs is highly inefficient due to the increasing number of tokens they must attend to as they generate new ones. To address this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Tian Jin , Wanzin Yazar , Zifei Xu , Sayeh Sharify , Xin Wang

Transformer-based Language Models have become ubiquitous in Natural Language Processing (NLP) due to their impressive performance on various tasks. However, expensive training as well as inference remains a significant impediment to their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-06 Amit Dhurandhar , Tejaswini Pedapati , Ronny Luss , Soham Dan , Aurelie Lozano , Payel Das , Georgios Kollias

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) achieves strong open-vocabulary segmentation, but its ViT-based image encoders dominate inference latency and memory. Existing activation compression methods, such as token merging, reduce the token length…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Hoai-Chau Tran , Chi H. Nguyen , Duy M. H. Nguyen , Mathias Niepert , Fan Lai , Khoa D. Doan