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We introduce a tool for rigorous and automated verification of large language model (LLM)- based policies in memoryless sequential decision-making tasks. Given a Markov decision process (MDP) representing the sequential decision-making…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-09 Dennis Gross , Helge Spieker , Arnaud Gotlieb

State-of-the-art Mixed Integer Linear Program (MILP) solvers combine systematic tree search with a plethora of hard-coded heuristics, such as the branching rule. The idea of learning branching rules from data has received increasing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-14 Lara Scavuzzo , Feng Yang Chen , Didier Chételat , Maxime Gasse , Andrea Lodi , Neil Yorke-Smith , Karen Aardal

A central task in control theory, artificial intelligence, and formal methods is to synthesize reward-maximizing strategies for agents that operate in partially unknown environments. In environments modeled by gray-box Markov decision…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-25 Christel Baier , Clemens Dubslaff , Patrick Wienhöft , Stefan J. Kiebel

Decision-making under distribution shift is a central challenge in reinforcement learning (RL), where training and deployment environments differ. We study this problem through the lens of robust Markov decision processes (RMDPs), which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Jingwen Gu , Yiting He , Zhishuai Liu , Pan Xu

A diagnostic policy specifies what test to perform next, based on the results of previous tests, and when to stop and make a diagnosis. Cost-sensitive diagnostic policies perform tradeoffs between (a) the cost of tests and (b) the cost of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2012-07-19 Valentina Bayer-Zubek

Large-scale Markov decision processes (MDPs) require planning algorithms with runtime independent of the number of states of the MDP. We consider the planning problem in MDPs using linear value function approximation with only weak…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-07-14 Roshan Shariff , Csaba Szepesvári

Personalization in machine learning (ML) tailors models' decisions to the individual characteristics of users. While this approach has seen success in areas like recommender systems, its expansion into high-stakes fields such as healthcare…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-15 Dmitry Ivanov , Omer Ben-Porat

Determining the most appropriate features for machine learning predictive models is challenging regarding performance and feature acquisition costs. In particular, global feature choice is limited given that some features will only benefit…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Gabriel Bernardino , Anders Jonsson , Patrick Clarysse , Nicolas Duchateau

In this paper, we explore lifting Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) to the space of probability measures and consider the so-called measurized MDPs: deterministic processes where states are probability measures on the original state space,…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2026-04-09 Daniel Adelman , Alba V. Olivares-Nadal

The standard Markov Decision Process (MDP) formulation hinges on the assumption that an action is executed immediately after it was chosen. However, assuming it is often unrealistic and can lead to catastrophic failures in applications such…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-14 Esther Derman , Gal Dalal , Shie Mannor

We study off-policy evaluation and learning from sequential data in a structured class of Markov decision processes that arise from repeated interactions with an exogenous sequence of arrivals with contexts, which generate unknown…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-20 Nathan Kallus , Angela Zhou

Markov decision processes (MDPs) are used to model a wide variety of applications ranging from game playing over robotics to finance. Their optimal policy typically maximizes the expected sum of rewards given at each step of the decision…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Maximilian Nägele , Jan Olle , Thomas Fösel , Remmy Zen , Florian Marquardt

We investigate the problem of best-policy identification in discounted Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) when the learner has access to a generative model. The objective is to devise a learning algorithm returning the best policy as early as…

机器学习 · 统计学 2021-05-11 Aymen Al Marjani , Alexandre Proutiere

Doubly robust methods hold considerable promise for off-policy evaluation in Markov decision processes (MDPs) under sequential ignorability: They have been shown to converge as $1/\sqrt{T}$ with the horizon $T$, to be statistically…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-09-30 Mohammad Mehrabi , Stefan Wager

In this paper we consider the problem of how a reinforcement learning agent tasked with solving a set of related Markov decision processes can use knowledge acquired early in its lifetime to improve its ability to more rapidly solve novel,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2019-02-26 Francisco M. Garcia , Bruno C. da Silva , Philip S. Thomas

This paper investigates MDPs with intermittent state information. We consider a scenario where the controller perceives the state information of the process via an unreliable communication channel. The transmissions of state information…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-17 Gongpu Chen , Soung-Chang Liew

We propose a principled kernel-based policy iteration algorithm to solve the continuous-state Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). In contrast to most decision-theoretic planning frameworks, which assume fully known state transition models, we…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2020-06-04 Junhong Xu , Kai Yin , Lantao Liu

Advances in mobile computing technologies have made it possible to monitor and apply data-driven interventions across complex systems in real time. Markov decision processes (MDPs) are the primary model for sequential decision problems with…

统计方法学 · 统计学 2018-03-20 Longshaokan Wang , Eric B. Laber , Katie Witkiewitz

General purpose intelligent learning agents cycle through (complex,non-MDP) sequences of observations, actions, and rewards. On the other hand, reinforcement learning is well-developed for small finite state Markov Decision Processes…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2009-12-30 Marcus Hutter

Motivated from Bertsekas' recent study on policy iteration (PI) for solving the problems of infinite-horizon discounted Markov decision processes (MDPs) in an on-line setting, we develop an off-line PI integrated with a multi-policy…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2021-12-07 Hyeong Soo Chang