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Instruction tuning is a pivotal technique for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human intentions, safety constraints, and domain-specific requirements. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the full pipeline,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-20 Xudong Han , Junjie Yang , Tianyang Wang , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Junfeng Hao , Junhao Song

Software reuse has long been recognized as a critical and widely studied topic in software engineering, offering substantial benefits in reducing development costs, improving software quality, and enhancing operational efficiency. This…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 You Lu , Jiyang Zhang , Bihuan Chen , Chaofeng Sha , Dingji Wang , Xin Peng

Fine-tuning is the most effective way of adapting pre-trained large language models (LLMs) to downstream applications. With the fast growth of LLM-enabled AI applications and democratization of open-souced LLMs, fine-tuning has become…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-01 Kai Huang , Hanyun Yin , Heng Huang , Wei Gao

Aiming towards a holistic understanding of multiple downstream tasks simultaneously, there is a need for extracting features with better transferability. Though many latest self-supervised pre-training methods have achieved impressive…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-09-20 Xiwen Liang , Yangxin Wu , Jianhua Han , Hang Xu , Chunjing Xu , Xiaodan Liang

When using supervised fine-tuning (SFT) to adapt large language models (LLMs) to specific domains, a significant challenge arises: should we use the entire SFT dataset for fine-tuning? Common practice often involves fine-tuning directly on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Xiang Liu , Zhaoxiang Liu , Peng Wang , Kohou Wang , Huan Hu , Kai Wang , Shiguo Lian

Large language models (LLMs) are initially pretrained for broad capabilities and then finetuned with instruction-following datasets to improve their performance in interacting with humans. Despite advances in finetuning, a standardized…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-30 Yihan Cao , Yanbin Kang , Chi Wang , Lichao Sun

Performances of Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) models are largely determined by the availability of labeled and representative training samples. However, in many application scenarios labeled samples are scarce or costly to obtain. In…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-07-01 Fabian Wolf , Gernot A. Fink

Recent advancements in open-source code large language models (LLMs) have been driven by fine-tuning on the data generated from powerful closed-source LLMs, which are expensive to obtain. This paper explores whether it is possible to use a…

Large Language Models (LLMs) can enhance their capabilities as AI assistants by integrating external tools, allowing them to access a wider range of information. While recent LLMs are typically fine-tuned with tool usage examples during…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-27 Jie He , Jennifer Neville , Mengting Wan , Longqi Yang , Hui Liu , Xiaofeng Xu , Xia Song , Jeff Z. Pan , Pei Zhou

Instruction tuning enhances large language models (LLMs) to follow human instructions across diverse tasks, relying on high-quality datasets to guide behavior. However, these datasets, whether manually curated or synthetically generated,…

State-of-the-art convolutional neural networks (CNNs) used in vision applications have large models with numerous weights. Training these models is very compute- and memory-resource intensive. Much research has been done on pruning or…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-12-10 Sangkug Lym , Esha Choukse , Siavash Zangeneh , Wei Wen , Sujay Sanghavi , Mattan Erez

As a machine-learned potential, the neuroevolution potential (NEP) method features exceptional computational efficiency and has been successfully applied in materials science. Constructing high-quality training datasets is crucial for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Chengbing Chen , Yutong Li , Rui Zhao , Zhoulin Liu , Zheyong Fan , Gang Tang , Zhiyong Wang

Large language models (LLMs) hold the promise of solving diverse tasks when provided with appropriate natural language prompts. However, prompting often leads models to make predictions with lower accuracy compared to finetuning a model…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-13 Chenyang Zhao , Xueying Jia , Vijay Viswanathan , Tongshuang Wu , Graham Neubig

In recent years, instruction tuning has gained increasing attention and emerged as a crucial technique to enhance the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). To construct high-quality instruction datasets, many instruction processing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-25 Yixin Ou , Ningyu Zhang , Honghao Gui , Ziwen Xu , Shuofei Qiao , Yida Xue , Runnan Fang , Kangwei Liu , Lei Li , Zhen Bi , Guozhou Zheng , Huajun Chen

End-to-end training of multi-agent systems offers significant advantages in improving multi-task performance. However, training such models remains challenging and requires extensive manual design and monitoring. In this work, we introduce…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-11 Zewei Zhou , Seth Z. Zhao , Tianhui Cai , Zhiyu Huang , Bolei Zhou , Jiaqi Ma

Recently, pre-trained language models mostly follow the pre-train-then-fine-tuning paradigm and have achieved great performance on various downstream tasks. However, since the pre-training stage is typically task-agnostic and the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-10-08 Yuxian Gu , Zhengyan Zhang , Xiaozhi Wang , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging paradigm that enables distributed users to collaboratively and iteratively train machine learning models without sharing their private data. Motivated by the effectiveness and robustness of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-16 Jinyu Chen , Wenchao Xu , Song Guo , Junxiao Wang , Jie Zhang , Haozhao Wang

There is a growing need for Large Language Models (LLMs) to effectively use tools and external Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) to plan and complete tasks. As such, there is tremendous interest in methods that can acquire…

Large language models (LLMs) often demonstrate inconsistencies with human preferences. Previous research typically gathered human preference data and then aligned the pre-trained models using reinforcement learning or instruction tuning,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-10 Yuhui Li , Fangyun Wei , Jinjing Zhao , Chao Zhang , Hongyang Zhang

Transformers have gained popularity in the software engineering (SE) literature. These deep learning models are usually pre-trained through a self-supervised objective, meant to provide the model with basic knowledge about a language of…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2023-02-09 Rosalia Tufano , Luca Pascarella , Gabriele Bavota