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We study reward-free reinforcement learning (RL) with linear function approximation, where the agent works in two phases: (1) in the exploration phase, the agent interacts with the environment but cannot access the reward; and (2) in the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-15 Junkai Zhang , Weitong Zhang , Quanquan Gu

Designing sample-efficient and computationally feasible reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms is particularly challenging in environments with large or infinite state and action spaces. In this paper, we advance this effort by presenting…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-04 Zakaria Mhammedi

Combining reinforcement learning (RL) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we propose a machine-learning approach (RL$^\ddag$) to automatically unravel chemical reaction mechanisms. In RL$^\ddag$, locating the transition state of a…

化学物理 · 物理学 2021-03-19 Jun Zhang , Yao-Kun Lei , Zhen Zhang , Xu Han , Maodong Li , Lijiang Yang , Yi Isaac Yang , Yi Qin Gao

Finding optimal policies which maximize long term rewards of Markov Decision Processes requires the use of dynamic programming and backward induction to solve the Bellman optimality equation. However, many real-world problems require…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-10 Mridul Agarwal , Vaneet Aggarwal

Average-reward Markov decision processes (MDPs) provide a foundational framework for sequential decision-making under uncertainty. However, average-reward MDPs have remained largely unexplored in reinforcement learning (RL) settings, with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-29 Juan Sebastian Rojas , Chi-Guhn Lee

This paper concerns the central issues of model robustness and sample efficiency in offline reinforcement learning (RL), which aims to learn to perform decision making from history data without active exploration. Due to uncertainties and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-01 Laixi Shi , Yuejie Chi

Offline reinforcement learning enables agents to leverage large pre-collected datasets of environment transitions to learn control policies, circumventing the need for potentially expensive or unsafe online data collection. Significant…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-17 Cong Lu , Philip J. Ball , Jack Parker-Holder , Michael A. Osborne , Stephen J. Roberts

In Markov Decision Processes (MDPs), the reward obtained in a state depends on the properties of the last state and action. This state dependency makes it difficult to reward more interesting long-term behaviors, such as always closing a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2017-06-27 Ronen Brafman , Giuseppe De Giacomo , Fabio Patrizi

We consider the problem of learning in a non-stationary reinforcement learning (RL) environment, where the setting can be fully described by a piecewise stationary discrete-time Markov decision process (MDP). We introduce a variant of the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-04 Reda Alami , Mohammed Mahfoud , Eric Moulines

General purpose intelligent learning agents cycle through (complex,non-MDP) sequences of observations, actions, and rewards. On the other hand, reinforcement learning is well-developed for small finite state Markov Decision Processes…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2009-12-30 Marcus Hutter

The sim-to-real gap, which represents the disparity between training and testing environments, poses a significant challenge in reinforcement learning (RL). A promising approach to addressing this challenge is distributionally robust RL,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Miao Lu , Han Zhong , Tong Zhang , Jose Blanchet

Measuring states in reinforcement learning (RL) can be costly in real-world settings and may negatively influence future outcomes. We introduce the Actively Observable Markov Decision Process (AOMDP), where an agent not only selects control…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-17 Daiqi Gao , Ziping Xu , Aseel Rawashdeh , Predrag Klasnja , Susan A. Murphy

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms struggle with learning optimal policies for tasks where reward feedback is sparse and depends on a complex sequence of events in the environment. Probabilistic reward machines (PRMs) are finite-state…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Jan Corazza , Hadi Partovi Aria , Daniel Neider , Zhe Xu

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a widely employed machine learning architecture that has been applied to a variety of control problems. However, applications in safety-critical domains require a systematic and formal approach to specifying…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-07 Hosein Hasanbeig , Daniel Kroening , Alessandro Abate

The standard Markov Decision Process (MDP) formulation hinges on the assumption that an action is executed immediately after it was chosen. However, assuming it is often unrealistic and can lead to catastrophic failures in applications such…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-14 Esther Derman , Gal Dalal , Shie Mannor

In this paper, we focus on the problem of robustifying reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms with respect to model uncertainties. Indeed, in the framework of model-based RL, we propose to merge the theory of constrained Markov decision…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-13 Reazul Hasan Russel , Mouhacine Benosman , Jeroen Van Baar

For applications in healthcare, physics, energy, robotics, and many other fields, designing maximally informative experiments is valuable, particularly when experiments are expensive, time-consuming, or pose safety hazards. While existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-09 Vincent Lim , Ellen Novoseller , Jeffrey Ichnowski , Huang Huang , Ken Goldberg

Recently, safe reinforcement learning (RL) with the actor-critic structure for continuous control tasks has received increasing attention. It is still challenging to learn a near-optimal control policy with safety and convergence…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-06 Xinglong Zhang , Yaoqian Peng , Biao Luo , Wei Pan , Xin Xu , Haibin Xie

Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods are typically applied directly in environments to learn policies. In some complex environments with continuous state-action spaces, sparse rewards, and/or long temporal horizons, learning a good policy in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-03 Deyao Zhu , Li Erran Li , Mohamed Elhoseiny

A fundamental assumption of reinforcement learning in Markov decision processes (MDPs) is that the relevant decision process is, in fact, Markov. However, when MDPs have rich observations, agents typically learn by way of an abstract state…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-18 Cameron Allen , Neev Parikh , Omer Gottesman , George Konidaris