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Smart contracts have emerged as key components within decentralized environments, enabling the automation of transactions through self-executing programs. While these innovations offer significant advantages, they also present potential…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-17 Biagio Boi , Christian Esposito

As blockchain platforms grow exponentially, millions of lines of smart contract code are being deployed to manage extensive digital assets. However, vulnerabilities in this mission-critical code have led to significant exploitations and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-01-23 Chaofan Shou , Jing Liu , Doudou Lu , Koushik Sen

When blockchain systems are said to be trustless, what this really means is that all the trust is put into software. Thus, there are strong incentives to ensure blockchain software is correct -- vulnerabilities here cost millions and break…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Jan Corazza , Ivan Gavran , Gabriela Moreira , Daniel Neider

Despite their strong performance, large language models (LLMs) face challenges in real-world application of lexical simplification (LS), particularly in privacy-sensitive and resource-constrained environments. Moreover, since vulnerable…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Akio Hayakawa , Stefan Bott , Horacio Saggion

This survey paper delves into the emerging and critical area of symbolic knowledge distillation in Large Language Models (LLMs). As LLMs like Generative Pre-trained Transformer-3 (GPT-3) and Bidirectional Encoder Representations from…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-21 Kamal Acharya , Alvaro Velasquez , Houbing Herbert Song

The recent advent of various forms of Federated Knowledge Distillation (FD) paves the way for a new generation of robust and communication-efficient Federated Learning (FL), where mere soft-labels are aggregated, rather than whole gradients…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-29 Leon Witt , Usama Zafar , KuoYeh Shen , Felix Sattler , Dan Li , Wojciech Samek

Modern blockchain, such as Ethereum, supports the deployment and execution of so-called smart contracts, autonomous digital programs with significant value of cryptocurrency. Executing smart contracts requires gas costs paid by users, which…

新兴技术 · 计算机科学 2024-06-25 Majd Soud , Waltteri Nuutinen , Grischa Liebel

As the Ethereum platform continues to mature and gain widespread usage, it is crucial to maintain high standards of smart contract writing practices. While bad practices in smart contracts may not directly lead to security issues, they do…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Zongwei Li , Xiaoqi Li , Wenkai Li , Xin Wang

Financial statement auditing is essential for stakeholders to understand a company's financial health, yet current manual processes are inefficient and error-prone. Even with extensive verification procedures, auditors frequently miss…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Rushi Wang , Jiateng Liu , Weijie Zhao , Shenglan Li , Denghui Zhang

Smart contract is a kind of self-executing code based on blockchain technology with a wide range of application scenarios, but the traditional generation method relies on manual coding and expert auditing, which has a high threshold and low…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-14 Hao Luo , Yuhao Lin , Xiao Yan , Xintong Hu , Yuxiang Wang , Qiming Zeng , Hao Wang , Jiawei Jiang

In the growing field of blockchain technology, smart contracts exist as transformative digital agreements that execute transactions autonomously in decentralised networks. However, these contracts face challenges in the form of security…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-12 Christopher De Baets , Basem Suleiman , Armin Chitizadeh , Imran Razzak

Ensuring the correctness of smart contracts is critical, as even subtle flaws can lead to severe financial losses. While bug detection tools able to spot common vulnerability patterns can serve as a first line of defense, most real-world…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-12 Massimo Bartoletti , Enrico Lipparini , Livio Pompianu

In the era of Large Language Models (LLMs), Knowledge Distillation (KD) emerges as a pivotal methodology for transferring advanced capabilities from leading proprietary LLMs, such as GPT-4, to their open-source counterparts like LLaMA and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-22 Xiaohan Xu , Ming Li , Chongyang Tao , Tao Shen , Reynold Cheng , Jinyang Li , Can Xu , Dacheng Tao , Tianyi Zhou

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential for data annotation, markedly reducing the labor costs associated with downstream applications. However, existing methods mostly adopt an aggressive strategy by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Mingxuan Xia , Haobo Wang , Yixuan Li , Zewei Yu , Jindong Wang , Junbo Zhao , Runze Wu

Deploying large language models (LLMs) is challenging because they are memory inefficient and compute-intensive for practical applications. In reaction, researchers train smaller task-specific models by either finetuning with human labels…

The widespread lack of broad source code verification on blockchain explorers such as Etherscan, where despite 78,047,845 smart contracts deployed on Ethereum (as of May 26, 2025), a mere 767,520 (< 1%) are open source, presents a severe…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-25 Isaac David , Liyi Zhou , Dawn Song , Arthur Gervais , Kaihua Qin

Smart contracts, integral to blockchain ecosystems, enable decentralized applications to execute predefined operations without intermediaries. Their ability to enforce trustless interactions has made them a core component of platforms such…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Mesut Ozdag

Smart contracts are self-executing programs that manage financial transactions on blockchain networks. Developers commonly rely on third-party code libraries to improve both efficiency and security. However, improper use of these libraries…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Yishun Wang , Wenkai Li , Xiaoqi Li , Zongwei Li , Lei Xie , Yuqing Zhang

The growing industrial demand for customized and cost-efficient large language models (LLMs) is fueled by the rise of vertical, domain-specific tasks and the need to optimize performance under constraints such as latency and budget.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Ziming Dai , Tuo Zhang , Fei Gao , Xingyi Cai , Xiaofei Wang , Cheng Zhang , Wenyu Wang , Chengjie Zang

This study proposes a method for knowledge distillation (KD) of fine-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) into smaller, more efficient, and accurate neural networks. We specifically target the challenge of deploying these models on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-13 Ehsan Latif , Luyang Fang , Ping Ma , Xiaoming Zhai