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Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved significant success in complex reasoning but remain bottlenecked by reliance on expert-annotated data and external verifiers. While existing self-evolution paradigms aim to bypass these…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-05 Zhitao Gao , Jie Ma , Xuhong Li , Pengyu Li , Ning Qu , Yaqiang Wu , Hui Liu , Jun Liu

The pervasiveness of proprietary language models has raised critical privacy concerns, necessitating advancements in private inference (PI), where computations are performed directly on encrypted data without revealing users' sensitive…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-10 Nandan Kumar Jha , Brandon Reagen

The community explored to build private inference frameworks for transformer-based large language models (LLMs) in a server-client setting, where the server holds the model parameters and the client inputs its private data (or prompt) for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-18 Xuanqi Liu , Zhuotao Liu

Uncertainty estimation remains a key challenge when adapting pre-trained language models to downstream classification tasks, with overconfidence often observed for difficult inputs. While predictive entropy provides a strong baseline for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Artem Zabolotnyi , Roman Makarov , Mile Mitrovic , Polina Proskura , Oleg Travkin , Roman Alferov , Alexey Zaytsev

Natural Language Processing (NLP) models risk overfitting to specific terms in the training data, thereby reducing their performance, fairness, and generalizability. E.g., neural hate speech detection models are strongly influenced by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-03-18 Giuseppe Attanasio , Debora Nozza , Dirk Hovy , Elena Baralis

When applying machine learning to sensitive data, one has to find a balance between accuracy, information security, and computational-complexity. Recent studies combined Homomorphic Encryption with neural networks to make inferences while…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-06-07 Alon Brutzkus , Oren Elisha , Ran Gilad-Bachrach

LLMs achieve remarkable multi-step reasoning capabilities, yet effectively transferring these skills via post-training distillation remains challenging. Existing data selection methods, ranging from manual curation to heuristics based on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Jinrui Liu , Jeff Wu , Xuanguang Pan , Gavin Cheung , Shuai Ma , Chongyang Tao

Large Language Models (LLMs) suffer significant performance degradation in multi-turn conversations when information is presented incrementally. Given that multi-turn conversations characterize everyday interactions with LLMs, this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Haziq Mohammad Khalid , Athikash Jeyaganthan , Timothy Do , Yicheng Fu , Sean O'Brien , Vasu Sharma , Kevin Zhu

With the development of astronomical facilities, large-scale time series data observed by these facilities is being collected. Analyzing anomalies in these astronomical observations is crucial for uncovering potential celestial events and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-18 Xinli Hao , Yile Chen , Chen Yang , Zhihui Du , Chaohong Ma , Chao Wu , Xiaofeng Meng

Reasoning ability has become a defining capability of Large Language Models (LLMs), with Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) emerging as a key paradigm to enhance it. However, RLVR training often suffers from policy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-20 Xiaoyun Zhang , Xiaojian Yuan , Di Huang , Wang You , Chen Hu , Jingqing Ruan , Ai Jian , Kejiang Chen , Xing Hu

End users face a choice between privacy and efficiency in current Large Language Model (LLM) service paradigms. In cloud-based paradigms, users are forced to compromise data locality for generation quality and processing speed. Conversely,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-11-27 Yiming Wang , Yu Lin , Xiaodong Zeng , Guannan Zhang

We present Entropy Adaptive Decoding (EAD), a novel approach for efficient language model inference that dynamically switches between different-sized models based on prediction uncertainty. By monitoring rolling entropy in model logit…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-12 Toby Simonds

The deployment of large language models' (LLMs) inference at the edge can facilitate prompt service responsiveness while protecting user privacy. However, it is critically challenged by the resource constraints of a single edge node.…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Peirong Zheng , Wenchao Xu , Haozhao Wang , Jinyu Chen , Xuemin Shen

Modern large language model (LLM) inference engines optimize throughput and latency under fixed decoding rules, treating generation as a linear progression in token time. We propose a fundamentally different paradigm: entropic\-time…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-05 Andrew Kiruluta

Optimization remains a fundamental pillar of machine learning, yet existing methods often struggle to maintain stability and adaptability in dynamic, non linear systems, especially under uncertainty. We introduce AERO (Adversarial…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Karthikeyan Vaiapury

The drastic increase in language models' parameters has led to a new trend of deploying models in cloud servers, raising growing concerns about private inference for Transformer-based models. Existing two-party privacy-preserving…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-12 Zi Liang , Pinghui Wang , Ruofei Zhang , Nuo Xu , Lifeng Xing , Shuo Zhang

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a promising learning paradigm in which only local model parameters (gradients) are shared. Private user data never leaves the local devices thus preserving data privacy. However, recent research has…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-12-23 Xiaochan Xue , Moh Khalid Hasan , Shucheng Yu , Laxima Niure Kandel , Min Song

Recent studies improve on-device language model (LM) inference through end-cloud collaboration, where the end device retrieves useful information from cloud databases to enhance local processing, known as Retrieval-Augmented Generation…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Shuaifan Jin , Xiaoyi Pang , Zhibo Wang , He Wang , Jiacheng Du , Jiahui Hu , Kui Ren

With the growing use of large language models (LLMs) hosted on cloud platforms to offer inference services, privacy concerns about the potential leakage of sensitive information are escalating. Secure multi-party computation (MPC) is a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Guang Yan , Yuhui Zhang , Zimu Guo , Lutan Zhao , Xiaojun Chen , Chen Wang , Wenhao Wang , Dan Meng , Rui Hou

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced to encompass extensive knowledge across diverse domains. Yet controlling what a LLMs should not know is important for ensuring alignment and thus safe use. However, effective unlearning in LLMs is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Xunlei Chen , Jinyu Guo , Yuang Li , Zhaokun Wang , Yi Gong , Jie Zou , Jiwei Wei , Wenhong Tian
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