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Reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising approach for aligning large language models (LLMs) knowledge with sequential decision-making tasks. However, few studies have thoroughly investigated the impact on LLM agents capabilities of…

Recent works on large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated the impact of prompting strategies and fine-tuning techniques on their reasoning capabilities. Yet, their effectiveness on clinical natural language inference (NLI) remains…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Mael Jullien , Marco Valentino , Leonardo Ranaldi , Andre Freitas

Evaluating Large Language Model (LLM) applications differs from traditional software testing because outputs are stochastic, high-dimensional, and sensitive to prompt and model changes. We present an evaluation-driven workflow - Define,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Daniel Commey

Prompt engineering has emerged as a critical component in optimizing large language models (LLMs) for domain-specific tasks. However, the role of prompt specificity, especially in domains like STEM (physics, chemistry, biology, computer…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Dimitri Schreiter

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have been successfully applied to many fields, showing outstanding comprehension and reasoning capabilities. Despite their great potential, LLMs usually require dedicated pre-training and fine-tuning…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2024-12-31 Hao Zhou , Chengming Hu , Dun Yuan , Ye Yuan , Di Wu , Xi Chen , Hina Tabassum , Xue Liu

Despite widespread success in language understanding and generation, large language models (LLMs) exhibit unclear and often inconsistent behavior when faced with tasks that require probabilistic reasoning. In this work, we present the first…

Prompt engineering has emerged as a powerful technique for optimizing large language models (LLMs) for specific applications, enabling faster prototyping and improved performance, and giving rise to the interest of the community in…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-17 Roman Levin , Valeriia Cherepanova , Abhimanyu Hans , Avi Schwarzschild , Tom Goldstein

Large Language Models (LLMs) are highly vulnerable to input perturbations, as even a small prompt change may result in a substantially different output. Existing methods to enhance LLM robustness are primarily focused on perturbed data…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-04 Aryan Agrawal , Lisa Alazraki , Shahin Honarvar , Marek Rei

In the age of large-scale language models, benchmarks like the Massive Multitask Language Understanding (MMLU) have been pivotal in pushing the boundaries of what AI can achieve in language comprehension and reasoning across diverse…

Prompting is now a dominant method for evaluating the linguistic knowledge of large language models (LLMs). While other methods directly read out models' probability distributions over strings, prompting requires models to access this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-24 Jennifer Hu , Roger Levy

Large language models (LLMs) can perform recommendation tasks by taking prompts written in natural language as input. Compared to traditional methods such as collaborative filtering, LLM-based recommendation offers advantages in handling…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-07-21 Genki Kusano , Kosuke Akimoto , Kunihiro Takeoka

Prompt serves as a crucial link in interacting with large language models (LLMs), widely impacting the accuracy and interpretability of model outputs. However, acquiring accurate and high-quality responses necessitates precise prompts,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-08-20 Xiongtao Sun , Gan Liu , Zhipeng He , Hui Li , Xiaoguang Li

This study systematically analyzes the vulnerability of 36 large language models (LLMs) to various prompt injection attacks, a technique that leverages carefully crafted prompts to elicit malicious LLM behavior. Across 144 prompt injection…

In long context scenarios, large language models (LLMs) face three main challenges: higher computational cost, performance reduction, and position bias. Research indicates that LLM performance hinges on the density and position of key…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-13 Huiqiang Jiang , Qianhui Wu , Xufang Luo , Dongsheng Li , Chin-Yew Lin , Yuqing Yang , Lili Qiu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained widespread popularity due to their ability to perform ad-hoc Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks with a simple natural language prompt. Part of the appeal for LLMs is their approachability to the…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Aditi Mishra , Utkarsh Soni , Anjana Arunkumar , Jinbin Huang , Bum Chul Kwon , Chris Bryan

Large language models (LLMs) are known to produce varying responses depending on prompt phrasing, indicating that subtle guidance in phrasing can steer their answers. However, the impact of this framing bias on LLM-based evaluation, where…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Yerin Hwang , Dongryeol Lee , Taegwan Kang , Minwoo Lee , Kyomin Jung

In recent years, substantial advancements have been made in the development of large language models, achieving remarkable performance across diverse tasks. To evaluate the knowledge ability of language models, previous studies have…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-30 Xunjian Yin , Xu Zhang , Jie Ruan , Xiaojun Wan

Interaction with Large Language Models (LLMs) is primarily carried out via prompting. A prompt is a natural language instruction designed to elicit certain behaviour or output from a model. In theory, natural language prompts enable…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2024-03-15 Michael Desmond , Michelle Brachman

By simply composing prompts, developers can prototype novel generative applications with Large Language Models (LLMs). To refine prototypes into products, however, developers must iteratively revise prompts by evaluating outputs to diagnose…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2024-02-28 Tae Soo Kim , Yoonjoo Lee , Jamin Shin , Young-Ho Kim , Juho Kim

Vision language models (VLMs) respond to user-crafted text prompts and visual inputs, and are applied to numerous real-world problems. VLMs integrate visual modalities with large language models (LLMs), which are well known to be…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Jenny Schmalfuss , Nadine Chang , Vibashan VS , Maying Shen , Andres Bruhn , Jose M. Alvarez