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Instruction following is one of the fundamental capabilities of large language models (LLMs). As the ability of LLMs is constantly improving, they have been increasingly applied to deal with complex human instructions in real-world…

Despite significant advancements, current large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (LVLMs) continue to struggle with complex, multi-step, cross-modal common sense reasoning tasks, often exhibiting a lack of "deliberative…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-06 Wenjie Luo , Ruocheng Li , Shanshan Zhu , Julian Perry

Many challenging real-world problems require the deployment of ensembles multiple complementary learning models to reach acceptable performance levels. While effective, applying the entire ensemble to every sample is costly and often…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-09-20 Orel Lavie , Asaf Shabtai , Gilad Katz

Recent advances in large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have exhibited strong reasoning capabilities on complex visual tasks by thinking with images in their Chain-of-Thought (CoT), which is achieved by actively invoking tools to analyze…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Wenhao Yang , Yu Xia , Jinlong Huang , Shiyin Lu , Qing-Guo Chen , Zhao Xu , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Yuanyu Wan , Lijun Zhang

When performing reasoning tasks with user-specific requirements, such as strict output formats, large language models (LLMs) often prioritize reasoning over adherence to detailed instructions. Fine-tuning LLMs on supervised datasets to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Yiqi Li , Yusheng Liao , Zhe Chen , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), or Vision-Language Models (VLMs), have shown impressive capabilities in a wide range of visual tasks. However, they often struggle with fine-grained visual reasoning, failing to identify domain-specific…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-02-26 Yucheng Shi , Quanzheng Li , Jin Sun , Xiang Li , Ninghao Liu

The capacity of large language models (LLMs) to generate honest, harmless, and helpful responses heavily relies on the quality of user prompts. However, these prompts often tend to be brief and vague, thereby significantly limiting the full…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Xiaohua Wang , Zisu Huang , Feiran Zhang , Zhibo Xu , Cenyuan Zhang , Qi Qian , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang

Self-reflection mechanisms that rely on purely text-based rethinking processes perform well in most multimodal tasks. However, when directly applied to long-form video understanding scenarios, they exhibit clear limitations. The fundamental…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Jiaze Li , Hao Yin , Wenhui Tan , Jingyang Chen , Boshen Xu , Yuxun Qu , Yijing Chen , Jianzhong Ju , Zhenbo Luo , Jian Luan

Augmenting large language models (LLMs) with browsing tools substantially improves their potential as deep search agents to solve complex, real-world tasks. Yet, open LLMs still perform poorly in such settings due to limited long-horizon…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Rui Lu , Zhenyu Hou , Zihan Wang , Hanchen Zhang , Xiao Liu , Yujiang Li , Shi Feng , Jie Tang , Yuxiao Dong

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has proven effective for training large language models (LLMs) on complex reasoning tasks, such as mathematical problem solving. A prerequisite for the scalability of RLVR is a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-11 Xiao Liang , Zhong-Zhi Li , Yeyun Gong , Yang Wang , Hengyuan Zhang , Yelong Shen , Ying Nian Wu , Weizhu Chen

Enhancing the instruction-following ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) primarily demands substantial instruction-tuning datasets. However, the sheer volume of these imposes a considerable computational burden and annotation cost. To…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-15 Shengguang Wu , Keming Lu , Benfeng Xu , Junyang Lin , Qi Su , Chang Zhou

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has become a prominent method for post-training Large Language Models (LLMs). However, verifiers are rarely error-free; even deterministic checks can be inaccurate, and the growing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Andreas Plesner , Francisco Guzmán , Anish Athalye

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLM) often struggle to interpret high-resolution images accurately, where fine-grained details are crucial for complex visual understanding. We introduce Zoom-Refine, a novel training-free method that…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Xuan Yu , Dayan Guan , Yanfeng Gu

Existing approaches typically rely on large-scale fine-tuning to adapt LLMs for information reranking tasks, which is computationally expensive. In this work, we demonstrate that modern LLMs can be effectively adapted using only minimal,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Tingyu Song , Yilun Zhao , Siyue Zhang , Chen Zhao , Arman Cohan

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has sparked interest in their application to sequential recommendation tasks as they can provide supportive item information. However, due to the inherent complexities of sequential recommendation,…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-12-19 Yu Wang , Zhiwei Liu , Jianguo Zhang , Weiran Yao , Shelby Heinecke , Philip S. Yu

Verifiers--functions assigning rewards to agent behavior--have been key to AI progress in math, code, and games. However, extending gains to domains without clear-cut success criteria remains a challenge: while humans can recognize desired…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Moises Andrade , Joonhyuk Cha , Brandon Ho , Vriksha Srihari , Karmesh Yadav , Zsolt Kira

Large Language Models (LLMs) show great promise in complex reasoning, with Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) being a key enhancement strategy. However, a prevalent issue is ``superficial self-reflection'', where models…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Xiaoyuan Liu , Tian Liang , Zhiwei He , Jiahao Xu , Wenxuan Wang , Pinjia He , Zhaopeng Tu , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for solving complex decision-making problems. However, DRL-based systems still face significant dependability challenges particularly in real-time environments due to the…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-03-25 Guoxin Su , Thomas Robinson , Hoa Khanh Dam , Li Liu , David S. Rosenblum

Self-Correction aims to enable large language models (LLMs) to self-verify and self-refine their initial responses without external feedback. However, LLMs often fail to effectively self-verify and generate correct feedback, further…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Xiaoshuai Song , Yanan Wu , Weixun Wang , Jiaheng Liu , Wenbo Su , Bo Zheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown strong potential in automatic program repair (APR), especially in repository-level settings where the goal is to generate patches based on natural language issue descriptions, large…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Anvith Pabba , Simin Chen , Alex Mathai , Anindya Chakraborty , Baishakhi Ray