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Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as an effective technique for reducing memory overhead in fine-tuning large language models. However, it often suffers from sub-optimal performance compared with full fine-tuning since the update is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Xin Yu , Yujia Wang , Jinghui Chen , Lingzhou Xue

Training LLMs presents significant memory challenges due to growing size of data, weights, and optimizer states. Techniques such as data and model parallelism, gradient checkpointing, and offloading strategies address this issue but are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-22 Arijit Das

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has become a widely used method for parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large-scale, pre-trained neural networks. However, LoRA and its extensions face several challenges, including the need for rank adaptivity,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-25 Steffen Schotthöfer , Emanuele Zangrando , Gianluca Ceruti , Francesco Tudisco , Jonas Kusch

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) has become a crucial technique for adapting pre-trained models to downstream tasks. However, the enormous size of LLMs poses significant challenges in terms of computational complexity and resource…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-28 Yifei Zhang , Hao Zhu , Aiwei Liu , Han Yu , Piotr Koniusz , Irwin King

Little research explores the correlation between the expressive ability and generalization ability of the low-rank adaptation (LoRA). Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) improves model generalization for both Convolutional Neural Networks…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Jiaxin Deng , Qingcheng Zhu , Junbiao Pang , Linlin Yang , Zhongqian Fu , Baochang Zhang

Sparse fine-tuning techniques adapt LLMs to downstream tasks by only tuning a sparse subset of model parameters. However, the effectiveness of sparse adaptation depends on optimally selecting the model parameters to be fine-tuned. In this…

Large language models (LLMs) have recently emerged as powerful tools for tackling many language-processing tasks. Despite their success, training and fine-tuning these models is still far too computationally and memory intensive. In this…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-22 Roy Miles , Pradyumna Reddy , Ismail Elezi , Jiankang Deng

Large language models (LLMs) can memorize and reproduce training sequences verbatim -- a tendency that undermines both generalization and privacy. Existing mitigation methods apply interventions uniformly, degrading performance on the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Xuanqi Zhang , Haoyang Shang , Xiaoxiao Li

Low-rank gradient compression methods, such as PowerSGD, have gained attention in communication-efficient distributed optimization. However, the convergence guarantees of PowerSGD remain unclear, particularly in stochastic settings. In this…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-09-16 Shengping Xie , Chuyan Chen , Kun Yuan

Training large language models (LLMs) is often bottlenecked by extreme memory demands, with optimizer states dominating the footprint. Recent works mitigates this cost by projecting gradients into low-dimensional subspaces using…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-03 Sahar Rajabi , Nayeema Nonta , Samanvay Vajpayee , Sirisha Rambhatla

This paper explores how theory can guide and enhance practical algorithms, using Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA, Hu et al. 2022) in large language models as a case study. We rigorously prove that, under gradient descent, LoRA adapters align with…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-06-24 Yuanhe Zhang , Fanghui Liu , Yudong Chen

In this paper, we introduce a new approach to proving the convergence of the Stochastic Approximation (SA) and the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) algorithms. The new approach is based on a concept called GSLLN (Generalized Strong Law of…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-11-11 Rajeeva Laxman Karandikar , Bhamidi Visweswara Rao , Mathukumalli Vidyasagar

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with zeroth-order (ZO) optimization reduces memory by approximating gradients through function evaluations. However, existing methods essentially perform updates in a one-dimensional space, and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-19 Jian Feng , Zhihong Huang

Existing low-rank adaptation (LoRA) methods face challenges on sparse large language models (LLMs) due to the inability to maintain sparsity. Recent works introduced methods that maintain sparsity by augmenting LoRA techniques with…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-16 Yuxuan Hu , Jing Zhang , Xiaodong Chen , Zhe Zhao , Cuiping Li , Hong Chen

In the field of global optimization, many existing algorithms face challenges posed by non-convex target functions and high computational complexity or unavailability of gradient information. These limitations, exacerbated by sensitivity to…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2023-10-16 Xinyu Zhang , Sujit Ghosh

In this paper, we introduce \textbf{Share}d \textbf{Lo}w \textbf{R}ank \textbf{A}daptation (ShareLoRA), a Large Language Model (LLM) fine-tuning technique that balances parameter efficiency, adaptability, and robustness without compromising…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Yurun Song , Junchen Zhao , Ian G. Harris , Sangeetha Abdu Jyothi

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved great success across diverse tasks, and fine-tuning is sometimes needed to further enhance generation quality. Most existing methods rely on human supervision or parameter retraining, both of which…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Zhen-Yu Zhang , Jiandong Zhang , Huaxiu Yao , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently emerged as effective surrogate models and candidate generators within global optimization frameworks for expensive blackbox functions. Despite promising results, LLM-based methods often struggle in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Andrej Schwanke , Lyubomir Ivanov , David Salinas , Fabio Ferreira , Aaron Klein , Frank Hutter , Arber Zela

Large Language Models usually put more emphasis on accuracy and therefore, will guess even when not certain about the prediction, which is especially severe when fine-tuned on small datasets due to the inherent tendency toward…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Moule Lin , Shuhao Guan , Andrea Patane , David Gregg , Goetz Botterweck

Despite their widespread adoption in various domains, especially due to their powerful reasoning capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) are not the off-the-shelf choice to drive multi-objective optimization yet. Conventional strategies…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Andrej Schwanke , Lyubomir Ivanov , David Salinas , Frank Hutter , Arber Zela