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Speculative decoding is an effective technique for accelerating large language model inference by drafting multiple tokens in parallel. In practice, its speedup is often bottlenecked by a rigid verification step that strictly enforces the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Ziyi Wang , Siva Rajesh Kasa , Ankith M S , Santhosh Kumar Kasa , Jiaru Zou , Sumit Negi , Ruqi Zhang , Nan Jiang , Qifan Song

Transformer language models generate text autoregressively, making inference latency proportional to the number of tokens generated. Speculative decoding reduces this latency without sacrificing output quality, by leveraging a small draft…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Clara Mohri , Haim Kaplan , Tal Schuster , Yishay Mansour , Amir Globerson

Reasoning distillation has emerged as a prevailing paradigm for transferring reasoning capabilities from large reasoning models to small language models. Yet, reasoning distillation risks data contamination: benchmark data may inadvertently…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Hengxiang Zhang , Hyeong Kyu Choi , Sharon Li , Hongxin Wei

Speculative decoding has emerged as a promising approach to accelerate autoregressive inference in large language models (LLMs). Self-draft methods, which leverage the base LLM itself for speculation, avoid the overhead of auxiliary draft…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Zhuofan Wen , Yang Feng

Speculative Decoding has emerged as a popular technique for accelerating inference in Large Language Models. However, most existing approaches yield only modest improvements in production serving systems. Methods that achieve substantial…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Michele Marzollo , Jiawei Zhuang , Niklas Roemer , Niklas Zwingenberger , Lorenz K. Müller , Lukas Cavigelli

Speculative Decoding (SD) is a key technique for accelerating Large Language Model (LLM) inference, but it typically requires training a draft model on a large dataset. We approach this problem from a data-centric perspective, finding that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Jiaming Fan , Daming Cao , Xiangzhong Luo , Jiale Fu , Chonghan Liu , Xu Yang

Inference acceleration of large language models (LLMs) has been put forward in many application scenarios and speculative decoding has shown its advantage in addressing inference acceleration. Speculative decoding usually introduces a draft…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Zhuofan Wen , Shangtong Gui , Yang Feng

Inductive reasoning - the process of inferring general rules from a small number of observations - is a fundamental aspect of human intelligence. Recent works suggest that large language models (LLMs) can engage in inductive reasoning by…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Kang-il Lee , Hyukhun Koh , Dongryeol Lee , Seunghyun Yoon , Minsung Kim , Kyomin Jung

To mitigate the high inference latency stemming from autoregressive decoding in Large Language Models (LLMs), Speculative Decoding has emerged as a novel decoding paradigm for LLM inference. In each decoding step, this method first drafts…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Heming Xia , Zhe Yang , Qingxiu Dong , Peiyi Wang , Yongqi Li , Tao Ge , Tianyu Liu , Wenjie Li , Zhifang Sui

The practice of speculative decoding, whereby inference is probabilistically supported by a smaller, cheaper, ``drafter'' model, has become a standard technique for systematically reducing the decoding time of large language models. This…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-03 Jameson Sandler , Ahmet Üstün , Marco Romanelli , Sara Hooker , Ferdinando Fioretto

Speculative decoding (SD) accelerates large language model inference by allowing a lightweight draft model to propose outputs that a stronger target model verifies. However, its token-centric nature allows erroneous steps to propagate.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Kiran Purohit , Ramasuri Narayanam , Soumyabrata Pal

Speculative decoding accelerates large language model inference by pairing a target model with a lightweight draft model whose proposed tokens are verified in parallel. A common way to build draft models, like EAGLE3 or DFlash is supervised…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Haodi Lei , Yafy Li , Haoran Zhang , Shunkai Zhang , Qianjia Cheng , Xiaoye Qu , Ganqu Cui , Bowen Zhou , Ning Ding , Yun Luo , Yu Cheng

Speculative decoding accelerates large language model inference using a smaller draft model. In this paper, we establish a surprising connection between speculative decoding and channel simulation, which aims at simulating a noisy channel…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-23 Szymon Kobus , Deniz Gündüz

Speculative decoding has emerged as a widely adopted paradigm for accelerating large language model inference, where a lightweight draft model rapidly generates candidate tokens that are then verified in parallel by a larger target model.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-16 Yu-Yang Qian , Hao-Cong Wu , Yichao Fu , Hao Zhang , Peng Zhao

Temperature scaling has been widely used as an effective approach to control the smoothness of a distribution, which helps the model performance in various tasks. Current practices to apply temperature scaling assume either a fixed, or a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-12-29 Pei-Hsin Wang , Sheng-Iou Hsieh , Shih-Chieh Chang , Yu-Ting Chen , Jia-Yu Pan , Wei Wei , Da-Chang Juan

Cascades and speculative decoding are two common approaches to improving language models' inference efficiency. Both approaches involve interleaving models of different sizes, but via fundamentally distinct mechanisms: cascades employ a…

Speculative decoding is a technique that uses multiple language models to accelerate infer- ence. Previous works have used an experi- mental approach to optimize the throughput of the inference pipeline, which involves LLM training and can…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Amirhossein Bozorgkhoo , Igor Molybog

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized code generation tasks across various programming languages. However, the unique characteristics of programming languages, particularly those like Verilog with specific…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-19 Changran Xu , Yi Liu , Yunhao Zhou , Shan Huang , Ningyi Xu , Qiang Xu

Speculative decoding has emerged as an effective method to reduce latency and inference cost of LLM inferences. However, there has been inadequate attention towards the energy requirements of these models. To address this gap, this paper…

Speculative decoding emerges as a pivotal technique for enhancing the inference speed of Large Language Models (LLMs). Despite recent research aiming to improve prediction efficiency, multi-sample speculative decoding has been overlooked…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Yunsheng Ni , Chuanjian Liu , Yehui Tang , Kai Han , Yunhe Wang