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Although large language models (LLMs) are increasingly capable, these capabilities are unevenly distributed: they excel at formal linguistic tasks, such as producing fluent, grammatical text, but struggle more with functional linguistic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-29 Michael Hanna , Yonatan Belinkov , Sandro Pezzelle

Human bilinguals often use similar brain regions to process multiple languages, depending on when they learned their second language and their proficiency. In large language models (LLMs), how are multiple languages learned and encoded? In…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Jannik Brinkmann , Chris Wendler , Christian Bartelt , Aaron Mueller

Large Language Models (LLMs) have come closest among all models to date to mastering human language, yet opinions about their linguistic and cognitive capabilities remain split. Here, we evaluate LLMs using a distinction between formal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-14 Kyle Mahowald , Anna A. Ivanova , Idan A. Blank , Nancy Kanwisher , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Evelina Fedorenko

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across diverse languages. This study explores how LLMs handle multilingualism. Based on observed language ratio shifts among layers and the relationships between network…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-12 Yiran Zhao , Wenxuan Zhang , Guizhen Chen , Kenji Kawaguchi , Lidong Bing

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit strong linguistic capabilities, but little is known about how they encode psycholinguistic knowledge across languages. We investigate whether and how LLMs exhibit human-like psycholinguistic responses…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-05 Shuzhou Yuan , Zhan Qu , Mario Tawfelis , Michael Färber

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used across diverse cultural contexts, making accurate cultural understanding essential. Prior evaluations have mostly focused on output-level performance, obscuring the factors that drive…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-12 Seungho Cho , Changgeon Ko , Eui Jun Hwang , Junmyeong Lee , Huije Lee , Jong C. Park

Large language models (LLMs) have multilingual capabilities and can solve tasks across various languages. However, we show that current LLMs make key decisions in a representation space closest to English, regardless of their input and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-24 Lisa Schut , Yarin Gal , Sebastian Farquhar

Multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) can process many languages, yet how they internally represent this diversity remains unclear. Do they form shared multilingual representations with language-specific decoding, and if so, why does…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Abir Harrasse , Florent Draye , Punya Syon Pandey , Zhijing Jin , Bernhard Schölkopf

Large language models (LLMs) are demonstrably capable of cross-lingual transfer, but can produce inconsistent output when prompted with the same queries written in different languages. To understand how language models are able to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Zheng Wei Lim , Alham Fikri Aji , Trevor Cohn

Human languages differ widely in their forms, each having distinct sounds, scripts, and syntax. Yet, they can all convey similar meaning. Do different languages converge on a shared neural substrate for conceptual meaning? We used language…

神经元与认知 · 定量生物学 2025-06-26 Zaid Zada , Samuel A Nastase , Jixing Li , Uri Hasson

Do machines and humans process language in similar ways? Recent research has hinted at the affirmative, showing that human neural activity can be effectively predicted using the internal representations of language models (LMs). Although…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-15 Yuchen Zhou , Emmy Liu , Graham Neubig , Michael J. Tarr , Leila Wehbe

Large Language Models (LLMs), often show strong performance on English tasks, while exhibiting limitations on other languages. What is an LLM's multilingual capability when it is trained only on certain languages? The underlying mechanism…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Fei Yuan , Shuai Yuan , Zhiyong Wu , Lei Li

Multilingualism in Large Language Models (LLMs) is an yet under-explored area. In this paper, we conduct an in-depth analysis of the multilingual capabilities of a family of a Large Language Model, examining its architecture, activation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-23 Sunit Bhattacharya , Ondřej Bojar

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit impressive performance on a range of NLP tasks, due to the general-purpose linguistic knowledge acquired during pretraining. Existing model interpretability research (Tenney et al., 2019) suggests that a…

Large language models (LLMs) have complicated internal dynamics, but induce representations of words and phrases whose geometry we can study. Human language processing is also opaque, but neural response measurements can provide (noisy)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-01 Jiaang Li , Antonia Karamolegkou , Yova Kementchedjhieva , Mostafa Abdou , Sune Lehmann , Anders Søgaard

We ask whether multilingual language models trained on unbalanced, English-dominated corpora use English as an internal pivot language -- a question of key importance for understanding how language models function and the origins of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-12 Chris Wendler , Veniamin Veselovsky , Giovanni Monea , Robert West

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance, particularly in multilingual contexts. While recent studies suggest that LLMs can transfer skills learned in one language to others, the internal mechanisms behind this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Hongchuan Zeng , Senyu Han , Lu Chen , Kai Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional natural language understanding abilities and have excelled in a variety of natural language processing (NLP)tasks in recent years. Despite the fact that most LLMs are trained…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-25 Xiang Zhang , Senyu Li , Bradley Hauer , Ning Shi , Grzegorz Kondrak

Emotions are experienced and expressed differently across the world. In order to use Large Language Models (LMs) for multilingual tasks that require emotional sensitivity, LMs must reflect this cultural variation in emotion. In this study,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-11 Shreya Havaldar , Sunny Rai , Bhumika Singhal , Langchen Liu , Sharath Chandra Guntuku , Lyle Ungar

Language is not only a tool for communication but also a medium for human cognition and reasoning. If, as linguistic relativity suggests, the structure of language shapes cognitive patterns, then large language models (LLMs) trained on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Chenxi Wang , Yixuan Zhang , Lang Gao , Zixiang Xu , Zirui Song , Yanbo Wang , Xiuying Chen
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