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Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into consumer and enterprise applications. Despite their capabilities, they remain susceptible to adversarial attacks such as prompt injection and jailbreaks that override alignment…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-14 Chetan Pathade

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly evolving from single-modal systems to multimodal LLMs and intelligent agents, significantly expanding their capabilities while introducing increasingly severe security risks. This paper presents a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-04 Yanxu Mao , Tiehan Cui , Peipei Liu , Datao You , Hongsong Zhu

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly transformed the landscape of Natural Language Processing (NLP). Their impact extends across a diverse spectrum of tasks, revolutionizing how we approach language understanding and generations.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-13 Sara Abdali , Richard Anarfi , CJ Barberan , Jia He , Erfan Shayegani

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance across natural language tasks and are increasingly deployed in real-world applications. Despite extensive safety alignment efforts, recent studies show that such alignment is…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Yinzhi Zhao , Ming Wang , Shi Feng , Xiaocui Yang , Daling Wang , Yifei Zhang

Large Language Model (LLM) safeguards, which implement request refusals, have become a widely adopted mitigation strategy against misuse. At the intersection of adversarial machine learning and AI safety, safeguard red teaming has…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Zifan Wang , Christina Q. Knight , Jeremy Kritz , Willow E. Primack , Julian Michael

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated immense utility across various industries. However, as LLMs advance, the risk of harmful outputs increases due to incorrect or malicious instruction prompts. While current methods effectively…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Xinyi Zeng , Yuying Shang , Jiawei Chen , Jingyuan Zhang , Yu Tian

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success but remain highly susceptible to jailbreak attacks, in which adversarial prompts coerce models into generating harmful, unethical, or policy-violating outputs. Such attacks pose…

This paper provides a systematic survey of jailbreak attacks and defenses on Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs), emphasizing that jailbreak vulnerabilities stem from structural factors such as incomplete training…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Zejian Chen , Chaozhuo Li , Chao Li , Xi Zhang , Litian Zhang , Yiming He

Ensuring the security of large language models (LLMs) is an ongoing challenge despite their widespread popularity. Developers work to enhance LLMs security, but vulnerabilities persist, even in advanced versions like GPT-4. Attackers…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-12-19 Aysan Esmradi , Daniel Wankit Yip , Chun Fai Chan

The rapid progress of Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened up new opportunities across various domains and applications; yet it also presents challenges related to potential misuse. To mitigate such risks, red teaming has been employed…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Yifan Jiang , Kriti Aggarwal , Tanmay Laud , Kashif Munir , Jay Pujara , Subhabrata Mukherjee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly popular for their advanced text generation capabilities across various domains. However, like any software, they face security challenges, including the risk of 'jailbreak' attacks that…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-01-31 Jie Li , Yi Liu , Chongyang Liu , Ling Shi , Xiaoning Ren , Yaowen Zheng , Yang Liu , Yinxing Xue

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized in healthcare applications. However, their deployment in clinical practice raises significant safety concerns, including the potential spread of harmful information. This study…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-03-05 Hang Zhang , Qian Lou , Yanshan Wang

In recent years, the security vulnerabilities of Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have become a serious concern in the Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) research. These highly intelligent models, capable of performing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-12 Badhan Chandra Das , Md Tasnim Jawad , Joaquin Molto , M. Hadi Amini , Yanzhao Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs), now a foundation in advancing natural language processing, power applications such as text generation, machine translation, and conversational systems. Despite their transformative potential, these models…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-05 Kang Chen , Xiuze Zhou , Yuanguo Lin , Jinhe Su , Yuanhui Yu , Li Shen , Fan Lin

With the rapid development of technology and the acceleration of digitalisation, the frequency and complexity of cyber security threats are increasing. Traditional cybersecurity approaches, often based on static rules and predefined…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming cybersecurity by enabling intelligent, adaptive, and automated approaches to threat detection, vulnerability assessment, and incident response. With their advanced language understanding and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-21 Niveen O. Jaffal , Mohammed Alkhanafseh , David Mohaisen

Jailbreak attacks reveal critical vulnerabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) by causing them to generate harmful or unethical content. Evaluating these threats is particularly challenging due to the evolving nature of LLMs and the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-11 Peiyan Zhang , Haibo Jin , Liying Kang , Haohan Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated extraordinary capabilities and contributed to multiple fields, such as generating and summarizing text, language translation, and question-answering. Nowadays, LLM is becoming a very popular…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-18 Badhan Chandra Das , M. Hadi Amini , Yanzhao Wu

As Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly become key components in various AI applications, understanding their security vulnerabilities and the effectiveness of defense mechanisms is crucial. This survey examines the security challenges…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Frank Weizhen Liu , Chenhui Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) rapidly reshape modern life, advancing fields from healthcare to education and beyond. However, alongside their remarkable capabilities lies a significant threat: the susceptibility of these models to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-16 Michael Fire , Yitzhak Elbazis , Adi Wasenstein , Lior Rokach