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Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences in federated learning (FL) is challenging due to decentralized, privacy-sensitive, and highly non-IID preference data. Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) offers an efficient…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Kewen Zhu , Liping Yi , Zhiming Zhao , Zhuang Qi , Han Yu , Qinghua Hu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive success in various applications. However, these models are often not well aligned with human intents, which calls for additional treatments on them; that is, the alignment problem. To make…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-24 Jiale Cheng , Xiao Liu , Kehan Zheng , Pei Ke , Hongning Wang , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang , Minlie Huang

Personalized prompting offers large opportunities for deploying large language models (LLMs) to diverse users, yet existing prompt optimization methods primarily focus on task-level optimization while largely overlooking user-specific…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-16 Yuchen Ma , Yue Huang , Wenjie Wang , Xiaonan Luo , Xiangliang Zhang , Stefan Feuerriegel

While large-scale unsupervised language models (LMs) learn broad world knowledge and some reasoning skills, achieving precise control of their behavior is difficult due to the completely unsupervised nature of their training. Existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-31 Rafael Rafailov , Archit Sharma , Eric Mitchell , Stefano Ermon , Christopher D. Manning , Chelsea Finn

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promising abilities as cost-effective and reference-free evaluators for assessing language generation quality. In particular, pairwise LLM evaluators, which compare two generated texts and determine…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Han Zhou , Xingchen Wan , Yinhong Liu , Nigel Collier , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences becomes a key component to obtaining state-of-the-art performance, but it yields a huge cost to construct a large human-annotated preference dataset. To tackle this problem, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-05 Dongyoung Kim , Kimin Lee , Jinwoo Shin , Jaehyung Kim

Existing open-source multimodal large language models (MLLMs) generally follow a training process involving pre-training and supervised fine-tuning. However, these models suffer from distribution shifts, which limit their multimodal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-08 Weiyun Wang , Zhe Chen , Wenhai Wang , Yue Cao , Yangzhou Liu , Zhangwei Gao , Jinguo Zhu , Xizhou Zhu , Lewei Lu , Yu Qiao , Jifeng Dai

In this work, we introduce a methodology for alignment designed to enhance the ability of large language models (LLMs) to articulate their reasoning (self-explanation) even in the absence of annotated rationale explanations. Our alignment…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-18 Luis Felipe Villa-Arenas , Ata Nizamoglu , Qianli Wang , Sebastian Möller , Vera Schmitt

Large Language Models (LLMs) require high quality preference datasets to align with human preferences. However, conventional methods for constructing such datasets face significant challenges: reliance on pre-collected instructions often…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Qiyuan Chen , Hongsen Huang , Qian Shao , Jiahe Chen , Jintai Chen , Hongxia Xu , Renjie Hua , Ren Chuan , Jian Wu

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) and its variants have become the de facto standards for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences or specific goals. However, DPO requires high-quality preference data and suffers from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-12 Zhuotong Chen , Fang Liu , Jennifer Zhu , Wanyu Du , Yanjun Qi

We present an outcome-driven fine-tuning framework that enhances the forecasting capabilities of large language models (LLMs) without relying on human-curated reasoning samples. Our method leverages model self-play to generate pairs of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Benjamin Turtel , Danny Franklin , Philipp Schoenegger

Recent smaller language models such Phi-3.5 and Phi-4 rely on synthetic data generated using larger Language models. Questions remain about leveraging synthetic data for other use cases, such as adapting LLMs to specific domains. A key…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-06 Haris Riaz , Sourav Bhabesh , Vinayak Arannil , Miguel Ballesteros , Graham Horwood

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in natural language understanding and generation, driven by scalable pretraining and advanced finetuning. However, enhancing reasoning abilities in LLMs, particularly via…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Huimu Yu , Xing Wu , Haotian Xu , Debing Zhang , Songlin Hu

When language model (LM) users aim to improve the quality of its generations, it is crucial to specify concrete behavioral attributes that the model should strive to reflect. However, curating such principles across many domains, even…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-17 Keshav Ramji , Tahira Naseem , Ramón Fernandez Astudillo

Enhancing the conformity of large language models (LLMs) to human preferences remains an ongoing research challenge. Recently, offline approaches such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) have gained prominence as attractive options due…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-05 Kaihui Chen , Hao Yi , Qingyang Li , Tianyu Qi , Yulan Hu , Fuzheng Zhang , Yong Liu

Pretrained large language models (LLMs) are currently state-of-the-art for solving the vast majority of natural language processing tasks. While many real-world applications still require fine-tuning to reach satisfactory levels of…

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved substantial progress in processing long contexts but still struggle with long-context reasoning. Existing approaches typically involve fine-tuning LLMs with synthetic data, which depends on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-14 Siheng Li , Cheng Yang , Zesen Cheng , Lemao Liu , Mo Yu , Yujiu Yang , Wai Lam

Alignment is a crucial step to enhance the instruction-following and conversational abilities of language models. Despite many recent work proposing new algorithms, datasets, and training pipelines, there is a lack of comprehensive studies…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-04 Xiao Yu , Qingyang Wu , Yu Li , Zhou Yu

Improving the code generation capabilities of large language models (LLMs) typically relies on supervised fine-tuning or preference optimization, both of which require costly external resources such as powerful teacher models or reliable…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-04-01 Huan Zhang , Wei Cheng , Wei Hu

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) is broadly utilized for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human values because of its flexibility. Despite its effectiveness, it has been observed that the capability of DPO to generate…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Wenqiao Zhu , Ji Liu , Lulu Wang , Jun Wu , Yulun Zhang