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Continual post-training (CPT) is a popular and effective technique for adapting foundation models like multimodal large language models to specific and ever-evolving downstream tasks. While existing research has primarily concentrated on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-22 Song Lai , Haohan Zhao , Rong Feng , Changyi Ma , Wenzhuo Liu , Hongbo Zhao , Xi Lin , Dong Yi , Qingfu Zhang , Hongbin Liu , Gaofeng Meng , Fei Zhu

Conventional continual pretraining (CPT) for large language model (LLM) domain adaptation often suffers from catastrophic forgetting and limited domain capacity. Existing strategies adopt layer expansion, introducing additional trainable…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Jinyang Zhang , Yue Fang , Hongxin Ding , Weibin Liao , Muyang Ye , Xu Chu , Junfeng Zhao , Yasha Wang

Despite the general capabilities of pre-trained large language models (LLMs), they still need further adaptation to better serve practical applications. In this paper, we demonstrate the interchangeability of three popular and distinct…

Large language models (LLMs) often suffer from catastrophic forgetting in continual learning: after learning new tasks sequentially, they perform worse on earlier tasks. Existing methods mitigate catastrophic forgetting by data replay,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Yazheng Liu , Yuxuan Wan , Rui Xu , Xi Zhang , Sihong Xie , Hui Xiong

Federated learning (FL) is a promising paradigm to enable collaborative model training with decentralized data. However, the training process of Large Language Models (LLMs) generally incurs the update of significant parameters, which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-13 Tianshi Che , Ji Liu , Yang Zhou , Jiaxiang Ren , Jiwen Zhou , Victor S. Sheng , Huaiyu Dai , Dejing Dou

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced human language understanding and generation, with pretraining data quality and organization being crucial to their performance. Multi-stage pretraining is a promising approach, but…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Xuemiao Zhang , Feiyu Duan , Liangyu Xu , Yongwei Zhou , Sirui Wang , Rongxiang Weng , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai

Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT and LLaMA are revolutionizing the AI industry with their sophisticated capabilities. Training these models requires vast GPU clusters and significant computing time, posing major challenges in terms of…

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit significant disparities in performance across languages, primarily benefiting high-resource languages while marginalizing underrepresented ones. Continual Pretraining (CPT) has emerged as a promising…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-09 Zihao Li , Shaoxiong Ji , Hengyu Luo , Jörg Tiedemann

Optimal configuration of the learning rate (LR) is a fundamental yet formidable challenge in large-scale pre-training. Given the stringent trade-off between training costs and model performance, the pivotal question is whether the optimal…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Yunhua Zhou , Shuhao Xing , Junhao Huang , Xipeng Qiu , Qipeng Guo

This paper investigates the performance of the Large Language Models (LLMs) ChatGPT-3.5 and GPT-4 in solving introductory programming tasks. Based on the performance, implications for didactic scenarios and assessment formats utilizing LLMs…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2023-08-21 Natalie Kiesler , Daniel Schiffner

Open-source, multilingual medical large language models (LLMs) have the potential to serve linguistically diverse populations across different regions. Adapting generic LLMs for healthcare often requires continual pretraining, but this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-10 Meng Zhou , Surajsinh Parmar , Anubhav Bhatti

The static ``train then deploy" paradigm fundamentally limits Large Language Models (LLMs) from dynamically adapting their weights in response to continuous streams of new information inherent in real-world tasks. Test-Time Training (TTT)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-08 Guhao Feng , Shengjie Luo , Kai Hua , Ge Zhang , Di He , Wenhao Huang , Tianle Cai

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPTs) are revolutionizing the generation of human-like text, producing contextually relevant and syntactically correct content. Despite challenges like biases and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-04 Alper Yaman , Jannik Schwab , Christof Nitsche , Abhirup Sinha , Marco Huber

Large language models (LLMs) trained via pretraining and supervised fine-tuning (SFT) can still produce harmful and misaligned outputs, or struggle in domains like math and coding. Reinforcement learning (RL)-based post-training methods,…

The integration of vision-language modalities has been a significant focus in multimodal learning, traditionally relying on Vision-Language Pretrained Models. However, with the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs), there has been a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-02-05 Xiaorui Ma , Haoran Xie , S. Joe Qin

Large language models (LLMs) face significant challenges when balancing multiple high-level objectives, such as generating coherent, relevant, and high-quality responses while maintaining efficient task adaptation across diverse tasks. To…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-21 Yupeng Chang , Yi Chang , Yuan Wu

Training large language models (LLMs) typically involves pre-training on massive corpora, only to restart the process entirely when new data becomes available. A more efficient and resource-conserving approach would be continual…

The dream of achieving a student-teacher ratio of 1:1 is closer than ever thanks to the emergence of large language models (LLMs). One potential application of these models in the educational field would be to provide feedback to students…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-05-06 Marc Ballestero-Ribó , Daniel Ortiz-Martínez

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) fine-tuned with multimodal instruction datasets have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in multimodal tasks. However, fine-tuning all parameters of MLLMs has become challenging as they usually…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-10 Xiongtao Zhou , Jie He , Yuhua Ke , Guangyao Zhu , Víctor Gutiérrez-Basulto , Jeff Z. Pan

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced in various fields and intelligent agent applications. However, current LLMs that learn from human or external model supervision are costly and may face performance ceilings as task…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Zhengwei Tao , Ting-En Lin , Xiancai Chen , Hangyu Li , Yuchuan Wu , Yongbin Li , Zhi Jin , Fei Huang , Dacheng Tao , Jingren Zhou