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VRAM requirements for transformer models scale quadratically with context length due to the self-attention mechanism. In this paper we modify the decoder-only transformer, replacing self-attention with InAttention, which scales linearly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Joseph Eisner

While originally designed for unidirectional generative modeling, decoder-only large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being adapted for bidirectional modeling. However, unidirectional and bidirectional models are typically trained…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-17 Savya Khosla , Aditi Tiwari , Kushal Kafle , Simon Jenni , Handong Zhao , John Collomosse , Jing Shi

This study investigates the in-context learning capabilities of various decoder-only transformer-based language models with different model sizes and training data, including GPT2, SmolLM2, OpenELM, TinyLlama, Stable LM, and Gemma 2. We…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-24 Yen-Che Hsiao , Abhishek Dutta

Large Language Models (LLMs), being generic task solvers, are versatile. However, despite the vast amount of data they are trained on, there are speculations about their adaptation capabilities to a new domain. Additionally, the simple…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Anum Afzal , Mehul Kumawat , Florian Matthes

To extend the context length of Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) and improve comprehension capabilities, we often face limitations due to computational resources and bounded memory storage capacity. This work introduces a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-11 Chensen Huang , Guibo Zhu , Xuepeng Wang , Yifei Luo , Guojing Ge , Haoran Chen , Dong Yi , Jinqiao Wang

Transformer-based QA models use input-wide self-attention -- i.e. across both the question and the input passage -- at all layers, causing them to be slow and memory-intensive. It turns out that we can get by without input-wide…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-05-05 Qingqing Cao , Harsh Trivedi , Aruna Balasubramanian , Niranjan Balasubramanian

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved substantial progress in processing long contexts but still struggle with long-context reasoning. Existing approaches typically involve fine-tuning LLMs with synthetic data, which depends on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-14 Siheng Li , Cheng Yang , Zesen Cheng , Lemao Liu , Mo Yu , Yujiu Yang , Wai Lam

Transformer models have achieved state-of-the-art results in a wide range of NLP tasks including summarization. Training and inference using large transformer models can be computationally expensive. Previous work has focused on one…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-10 Potsawee Manakul , Mark J. F. Gales

Transformers are among the state of the art for many tasks in speech, vision, and natural language processing, among others. Self-attentions, which are crucial contributors to this performance have quadratic computational complexity, which…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-12-21 Roshan Sharma , Bhiksha Raj

Pre-trained Transformer language models (LM) have become go-to text representation encoders. Prior research fine-tunes deep LMs to encode text sequences such as sentences and passages into single dense vector representations for efficient…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-22 Luyu Gao , Jamie Callan

Recently, decoder-only pre-trained large language models (LLMs), with several tens of billion parameters, have significantly impacted a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. While encoder-only or encoder-decoder pre-trained…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-11 Aru Maekawa , Tsutomu Hirao , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Manabu Okumura

This paper introduces the Large Memory Model (LM2), a decoder-only Transformer architecture enhanced with an auxiliary memory module that aims to address the limitations of standard Transformers in multi-step reasoning, relational…

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities including understanding context, engaging in logical reasoning, and generating responses. However, this is achieved at the expense of stringent computational and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-30 Xindi Wang , Mahsa Salmani , Parsa Omidi , Xiangyu Ren , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh , Armaghan Eshaghi

Built upon the Transformer, large language models (LLMs) have captured worldwide attention due to their remarkable abilities. Nevertheless, all Transformer-based models including LLMs suffer from a preset length limit and can hardly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Liang Zhao , Xiachong Feng , Xiaocheng Feng , Weihong Zhong , Dongliang Xu , Qing Yang , Hongtao Liu , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Handling lengthy context is crucial for enhancing the recognition and understanding capabilities of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) in applications such as processing high-resolution images or high frame rate videos. The rise in…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-11-14 Jianing Zhou , Han Li , Shuai Zhang , Ning Xie , Ruijie Wang , Xiaohan Nie , Sheng Liu , Lingyun Wang

Language models are generally trained on short, truncated input sequences, which limits their ability to use discourse-level information present in long-range context to improve their predictions. Recent efforts to improve the efficiency of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-21 Simeng Sun , Kalpesh Krishna , Andrew Mattarella-Micke , Mohit Iyyer

Transformer-based models have achieved state-of-the-art results in a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks including document summarization. Typically these systems are trained by fine-tuning a large pre-trained model to the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-06-01 Potsawee Manakul , Mark J. F. Gales

Long-context capabilities are essential for a wide range of applications, including document and video understanding, in-context learning, and inference-time scaling, all of which require models to process and reason over long sequences of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-09 Chejian Xu , Wei Ping , Peng Xu , Zihan Liu , Boxin Wang , Mohammad Shoeybi , Bo Li , Bryan Catanzaro

This work examines whether decoder-only Transformers such as LLaMA, which were originally designed for large language models (LLMs), can be adapted to the computer vision field. We first "LLaMAfy" a standard ViT step-by-step to align with…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-28 Jiahao Wang , Wenqi Shao , Mengzhao Chen , Chengyue Wu , Yong Liu , Taiqiang Wu , Kaipeng Zhang , Songyang Zhang , Kai Chen , Ping Luo

Transformer-based large models excel in natural language processing and computer vision, but face severe computational inefficiencies due to the self-attention's quadratic complexity with input tokens. Recently, researchers have proposed a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Haojie Ouyang , Jianwei Lv , Lei Ren , Chen Wei , Xiaojie Wang , Fangxiang Feng