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Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) is a crucial technique in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences, ensuring these LLMs behave in beneficial and comprehensible ways to users. However, a longstanding…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-03-27 Feiteng Fang , Liang Zhu , Min Yang , Xi Feng , Jinchang Hou , Qixuan Zhao , Chengming Li , Xiping Hu , Ruifeng Xu

Instruction tuning has become the de facto method to equip large language models (LLMs) with the ability of following user instructions. Usually, hundreds of thousands or millions of instruction-following pairs are employed to fine-tune the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-28 Qianlong Du , Chengqing Zong , Jiajun Zhang

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on instruction-following tasks by integrating pretrained visual encoders with large language models (LLMs). However, existing approaches often…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Wayner Barrios , Andrés Villa , Juan León Alcázar , SouYoung Jin , Bernard Ghanem

The Large Vision-Language Model (LVLM) has enhanced the performance of various downstream tasks in visual-language understanding. Most existing approaches encode images and videos into separate feature spaces, which are then fed as inputs…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-02 Bin Lin , Yang Ye , Bin Zhu , Jiaxi Cui , Munan Ning , Peng Jin , Li Yuan

Large language models are first pre-trained on trillions of tokens and then instruction-tuned or aligned to specific preferences. While pre-training remains out of reach for most researchers due to the compute required, fine-tuning has…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-10 Megh Thakkar , Quentin Fournier , Matthew D Riemer , Pin-Yu Chen , Amal Zouaq , Payel Das , Sarath Chandar

Personalized preference alignment for large language models (LLMs), the process of tailoring LLMs to individual users' preferences, is an emerging research direction spanning the area of NLP and personalization. In this survey, we present…

Human feedback plays a pivotal role in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. However, such feedback is often noisy or inconsistent, which can degrade the quality of reward models and hinder alignment. While various…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Samuel Yeh , Sharon Li

Humans often interact with large language models (LLMs) in multi-turn interaction to obtain desired answers or more information. However, most existing studies overlook the multi-turn instruction following ability of LLMs, in terms of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-24 Yuchong Sun , Che Liu , Kun Zhou , Jinwen Huang , Ruihua Song , Wayne Xin Zhao , Fuzheng Zhang , Di Zhang , Kun Gai

Reward modelling from preference data is a crucial step in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values, requiring robust generalisation to novel prompt-response pairs. In this work, we propose to frame this problem in a causal…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Katarzyna Kobalczyk , Mihaela van der Schaar

Large language models (LLMs) alignment aims to ensure that the behavior of LLMs meets human preferences. While collecting data from multiple fine-grained, aspect-specific preferences becomes more and more feasible, existing alignment…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Jia Zhang , Yao Liu , Chen-Xi Zhang , Yi Liu , Yi-Xuan Jin , Lan-Zhe Guo , Yu-Feng Li

Novice programmers benefit from timely, personalized support that addresses individual learning gaps, yet the availability of instructors and teaching assistants is inherently limited. Large language models (LLMs) present opportunities to…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Griffin Pitts , Anurata Prabha Hridi , Arun-Balajiee Lekshmi-Narayanan

The alignments of reasoning abilities between smaller and larger Language Models are largely conducted via Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) using demonstrations generated from robust Large Language Models (LLMs). Although these approaches…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Leonardo Ranaldi , Andrè Freitas

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human expectations without human-annotated preference data is an important problem. In this paper, we propose a method to evaluate the response preference by using the output probabilities of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-16 Aiwei Liu , Haoping Bai , Zhiyun Lu , Xiang Kong , Simon Wang , Jiulong Shan , Meng Cao , Lijie Wen

Large language models (LLMs) have traditionally been aligned through one-size-fits-all approaches that assume uniform human preferences, fundamentally overlooking the diversity in user values and needs. This paper introduces a comprehensive…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-23 Jia-Nan Li , Jian Guan , Songhao Wu , Wei Wu , Rui Yan

Despite significant progress in robotic systems for operation within human-centric environments, existing models still heavily rely on explicit human commands to identify and manipulate specific objects. This limits their effectiveness in…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-10-16 Shiyu Jin , Jinxuan Xu , Yutian Lei , Liangjun Zhang

Previous studies on federated learning (FL) often encounter performance degradation due to data heterogeneity among different clients. In light of the recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs), such as GPT-4v and LLaVA,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Jianyi Zhang , Hao Frank Yang , Ang Li , Xin Guo , Pu Wang , Haiming Wang , Yiran Chen , Hai Li

Currently, inspired by the success of vision-language models (VLMs), an increasing number of researchers are focusing on improving VLMs and have achieved promising results. However, most existing methods concentrate on optimizing the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-09-23 Dawei Yan , Pengcheng Li , Yang Li , Hao Chen , Qingguo Chen , Weihua Luo , Wei Dong , Qingsen Yan , Haokui Zhang , Chunhua Shen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly popular due to their ability to process and generate natural language. However, as they are trained on massive datasets of text, LLMs can inherit harmful biases and produce outputs that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-23 Qi Gou , Cam-Tu Nguyen

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences becomes a key component to obtaining state-of-the-art performance, but it yields a huge cost to construct a large human-annotated preference dataset. To tackle this problem, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-05 Dongyoung Kim , Kimin Lee , Jinwoo Shin , Jaehyung Kim

Instruction tuning plays a critical role in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preference. Despite the vast amount of open instruction datasets, naively training a LLM on all existing instructions may not be optimal and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-31 Yulei Qin , Yuncheng Yang , Pengcheng Guo , Gang Li , Hang Shao , Yuchen Shi , Zihan Xu , Yun Gu , Ke Li , Xing Sun