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Deploying models on target domain data subject to distribution shift requires adaptation. Test-time training (TTT) emerges as a solution to this adaptation under a realistic scenario where access to full source domain data is not available,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-03-21 Yongyi Su , Xun Xu , Tianrui Li , Kui Jia

Cyber threat hunting is the practice of proactively searching for latent threats in a network. Engaging in threat hunting can be difficult due to the volume of network traffic, variety of adversary techniques, and constantly evolving…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 Matthew J. Turner , Mike Carenzo , Jackie Lasky , James Morris-King , James Ross

The robustness and generalization ability of Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) methods is critical to ensure the security of Face Recognition Systems (FRSs). However, in a real scenario, Presentation Attacks (PAs) are various and it is…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-08-02 Wentian Zhang , Haozhe Liu , Feng Liu , Raghavendra Ramachandra , Christoph Busch

AI agents are increasingly deployed to act autonomously in the world, yet there is still no reliable way to trace a harmful agent back to the account that deployed it. This creates the same accountability gap across both ends of the intent…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Ruben Chocron , Doron Jonathan Ben Chayim , Eyal Lenga , Gilad Gressel , Alina Oprea , Yisroel Mirsky

With the great advancements in large language models (LLMs), adversarial attacks against LLMs have recently attracted increasing attention. We found that pre-existing adversarial attack methodologies exhibit limited transferability and are…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-10 Zelin Li , Kehai Chen , Lemao Liu , Xuefeng Bai , Mingming Yang , Yang Xiang , Min Zhang

As our cities and communities become smarter, the systems that keep us safe, such as traffic control centers, emergency response networks, and public transportation, also become more complex. With this complexity comes a greater risk of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-16 Sharif Noor Zisad , Ragib Hasan

The MITRE ATT&CK Framework provides a rich and actionable repository of adversarial tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP). However, this information would be highly useful for attack diagnosis (i.e., forensics) and mitigation (i.e.,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-05-14 Rawan Al-Shaer , Jonathan M. Spring , Eliana Christou

The self-attention mechanism has been adopted in various popular message passing neural networks (MPNNs), enabling the model to adaptively control the amount of information that flows along the edges of the underlying graph. Such…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-23 Yong-Min Shin , Siqing Li , Xin Cao , Won-Yong Shin

Advanced Persistent Threats or APTs are big challenges to the security of government organizations or industry systems. These threats may result in stealth attacks, but if the attack is confronted before the attacker end goal has been…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2017-12-05 Rudra Prasad Baksi , Shambhu J. Upadhyaya

When multi-agent systems (MAS) fail, identifying where the decisive error occurred is the first step for automated recovery to an earlier state. Error attribution remains a fundamental challenge due to the long interaction traces that large…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Naihe Feng , Yi Sui , Shiyi Hou , Ga Wu , Jesse C. Cresswell

Anomaly detection is critical to ensure the security of cyber-physical systems (CPS). However, due to the increasing complexity of attacks and CPS themselves, anomaly detection in CPS is becoming more and more challenging. In our previous…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-09-29 Qinghua Xu , Shaukat Ali , Tao Yue

Long-context large language models (LLMs), such as Gemini-2.5-Pro and Claude-Sonnet-4, are increasingly used to empower advanced AI systems, including retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) pipelines and autonomous agents. In these systems,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Yanting Wang , Runpeng Geng , Ying Chen , Jinyuan Jia

Data provenance (the process of determining the origin and derivation of data outputs) has applications across multiple domains including explaining database query results and auditing scientific workflows. Despite decades of research,…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Chrysanthi Kosyfaki , Ruiyuan Zhang , Nikos Mamoulis , Xiaofang Zhou

Recent research has revealed that the security of deep neural networks that directly process 3D point clouds to classify objects can be threatened by adversarial samples. Although existing adversarial attack methods achieve high success…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-10-11 Atrin Arya , Hanieh Naderi , Shohreh Kasaei

LLM agents are highly vulnerable to Indirect Prompt Injection (IPI), where adversaries embed malicious directives in untrusted tool outputs to hijack execution. Most existing defenses treat IPI as an input-level semantic discrimination…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-12 Yu He , Haozhe Zhu , Yiming Li , Shuo Shao , Hongwei Yao , Zhihao Liu , Zhan Qin

Attack paths are the potential chain of malicious activities an attacker performs to compromise network assets and acquire privileges through exploiting network vulnerabilities. Attack path analysis helps organizations to identify…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-11-30 Houssem Jmal , Firas Ben Hmida , Nardine Basta , Muhammad Ikram , Mohamed Ali Kaafar , Andy Walker

Recent work shows that deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples. Much work studies adversarial example generation, while very little work focuses on more critical adversarial defense. Existing adversarial detection…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-09-15 Bin Zhu , Zhaoquan Gu , Le Wang , Zhihong Tian

Cyber attacks are often identified using system and network logs. There have been significant prior works that utilize provenance graphs and ML techniques to detect attacks, specifically advanced persistent threats, which are very difficult…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-11-13 Sihat Afnan , Mushtari Sadia , Shahrear Iqbal , Anindya Iqbal

Studying adversarial attacks on artificial intelligence (AI) systems helps discover model shortcomings, enabling the construction of a more robust system. Most existing adversarial attack methods only concentrate on single-task single-model…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-19 Qingyuan Zeng , Yunpeng Gong , Min Jiang

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) is a foundational machine learning problem that has seen extensive development over the past decade. Recently, various optimization-based MTL approaches have been proposed to learn multiple tasks simultaneously by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-13 Zhipeng Zhou , Linxiao Cao , Pengcheng Wu , Peilin Zhao , Chunyan Miao