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Humans can quickly learn new behaviors by leveraging background world knowledge. In contrast, agents trained with reinforcement learning (RL) typically learn behaviors from scratch. We thus propose a novel approach that uses the vast…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-24 William Chen , Oier Mees , Aviral Kumar , Sergey Levine

Vision-language-action (VLA) models demonstrate strong generalization in robotic manipulation but face challenges in complex, real-world tasks. While supervised fine-tuning with demonstrations is constrained by data quality, reinforcement…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-09-18 Piaopiao Jin , Qi Wang , Guokang Sun , Ziwen Cai , Pinjia He , Yangwei You

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have recently been leveraged to generate robotic actions, forming Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models. However, directly adapting a pretrained VLM for robotic control remains challenging, particularly when…

We show that large language models (LLMs) can be adapted to be generalizable policies for embodied visual tasks. Our approach, called Large LAnguage model Reinforcement Learning Policy (LLaRP), adapts a pre-trained frozen LLM to take as…

Reward engineering has long been a challenge in Reinforcement Learning (RL) research, as it often requires extensive human effort and iterative processes of trial-and-error to design effective reward functions. In this paper, we propose…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Yufei Wang , Zhanyi Sun , Jesse Zhang , Zhou Xian , Erdem Biyik , David Held , Zackory Erickson

Cross-domain task-oriented dialogue requires reasoning over implicit and explicit feasibility constraints while planning long-horizon, multi-turn actions. Large language models (LLMs) can infer such constraints but are unreliable over long…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Yangyang Zhao , Linfan Dai , Li Cai , Bowen Xing , Libo Qin

Visual-Language Models (VLMs) have become a powerful tool for bridging the gap between visual and linguistic understanding. However, the conventional learning approaches for VLMs often suffer from limitations, such as the high resource…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Dasol Choi , Guijin Son , Soo Yong Kim , Gio Paik , Seunghyeok Hong

Vision Language Models exhibit impressive performance for various tasks, yet they often lack the sophisticated situational reasoning required for complex decision-making. This paper shows that VLMs can achieve surprisingly strong…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Zhe Hu , Jing Li , Zhongzhu Pu , Hou Pong Chan , Yu Yin

Goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (GCRL), related to a set of complex RL problems, trains an agent to achieve different goals under particular scenarios. Compared to the standard RL solutions that learn a policy solely depending on…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-09-05 Minghuan Liu , Menghui Zhu , Weinan Zhang

The strong performance of large vision-language models (VLMs) trained with reinforcement learning (RL) has motivated similar approaches for fine-tuning vision-language-action (VLA) models in robotics. Many recent works fine-tune VLAs…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Andrew Choi , Xinjie Wang , Zhizhong Su , Wei Xu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models aim for general robot learning by aligning action as a modality within powerful Vision-Language Models (VLMs). Existing VLAs rely on end-to-end supervision to implicitly enable the action decoding process…

We study the problem of learning a range of vision-based manipulation tasks from a large offline dataset of robot interaction. In order to accomplish this, humans need easy and effective ways of specifying tasks to the robot. Goal images…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2021-11-02 Suraj Nair , Eric Mitchell , Kevin Chen , Brian Ichter , Silvio Savarese , Chelsea Finn

Recent studies on Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shifted from the end-to-end action-generation paradigm toward a pipeline involving task planning followed by action generation, demonstrating improved performance on various…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Chongkai Gao , Zixuan Liu , Zhenghao Chi , Junshan Huang , Xin Fei , Yiwen Hou , Yuxuan Zhang , Yudi Lin , Zhirui Fang , Zeyu Jiang , Lin Shao

Modern neural language models (LMs) are powerful tools for modeling human sentence production and comprehension, and their internal representations are remarkably well-aligned with representations of language in the human brain. But to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-27 Chengxu Zhuang , Evelina Fedorenko , Jacob Andreas

Recent advancements in Vision-Language (VL) research have sparked new benchmarks for complex visual reasoning, challenging models' advanced reasoning ability. Traditional Vision-Language Models (VLMs) perform well in visual perception tasks…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-09-24 Zhiyuan Li , Dongnan Liu , Chaoyi Zhang , Heng Wang , Tengfei Xue , Weidong Cai

Fine-tuning vision-language models (VLMs) on robot teleoperation data to create vision-language-action (VLA) models is a promising paradigm for training generalist policies, but it suffers from a fundamental tradeoff: learning to produce…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Asher J. Hancock , Xindi Wu , Lihan Zha , Olga Russakovsky , Anirudha Majumdar

Integrating visual-language instructions into visuomotor policies is gaining momentum in robot learning for enhancing open-world generalization. Despite promising advances, existing approaches face two challenges: limited language…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Wenhui Huang , Changhe Chen , Han Qi , Chen Lv , Yilun Du , Heng Yang

Safe reinforcement learning (RL) agents accomplish given tasks while adhering to specific constraints. Employing constraints expressed via easily-understandable human language offers considerable potential for real-world applications due to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-16 Xingzhou Lou , Junge Zhang , Ziyan Wang , Kaiqi Huang , Yali Du

Human language is grounded on multimodal knowledge including visual knowledge like colors, sizes, and shapes. However, current large-scale pre-trained language models rely on text-only self-supervised training with massive text data, which…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-02-28 Weizhi Wang , Li Dong , Hao Cheng , Haoyu Song , Xiaodong Liu , Xifeng Yan , Jianfeng Gao , Furu Wei

Combining Large Language Models (LLMs) with Reinforcement Learning (RL) enables agents to interpret language instructions more effectively for task execution. However, LLMs typically lack direct perception of the physical environment, which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-25 Pengsen Liu , Maosen Zeng , Nan Tang , Kaiyuan Li , Jing-Cheng Pang , Yunan Liu , Yang Yu