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Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a standard optimization method to minimize a training error with respect to network parameters in modern neural network learning. However, it typically suffers from proliferation of saddle points in the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-11-23 Haiping Huang , Taro Toyoizumi

We propose a stochastic optimization method for minimizing loss functions, expressed as an expected value, that adaptively controls the batch size used in the computation of gradient approximations and the step size used to move along such…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-03-04 Achraf Bahamou , Donald Goldfarb

Current state-of-the-art optimizers are adaptive gradient-based optimization methods such as Adam. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in formulating gradient-based optimizers in a probabilistic framework for better modeling the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-21 Haotian Chen , Anna Kuzina , Babak Esmaeili , Jakub M Tomczak

The vast majority of modern deep learning models are trained with momentum-based first-order optimizers. The momentum term governs the optimizer's memory by determining how much each past gradient contributes to the current convergence…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Kristi Topollai , Anna Choromanska

In deep learning, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its momentum-based variants are widely used for optimization. However, the internal dynamics of these methods remain underexplored. In this paper, we analyze gradient behavior through…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-11 Zhipeng Yao , Rui Yu , Guisong Chang , Ying Li , Yu Zhang , Dazhou Li

The stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm has achieved remarkable success in training deep learning models. However, it has several limitations, including susceptibility to vanishing gradients, sensitivity to input data, and a lack of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-14 Chengcheng Yan , Jiawei Xu , Qingsong Wang , Zheng Peng

Several recently proposed stochastic optimization methods that have been successfully used in training deep networks such as RMSProp, Adam, Adadelta, Nadam are based on using gradient updates scaled by square roots of exponential moving…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-04-22 Sashank J. Reddi , Satyen Kale , Sanjiv Kumar

Modern adaptive optimization methods, such as Adam and its variants, have emerged as the most widely used tools in deep learning over recent years. These algorithms offer automatic mechanisms for dynamically adjusting the update step based…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-12 Son Nguyen , Bo Liu , Lizhang Chen , Qiang Liu

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its many variants are the widespread optimization algorithms for training deep neural networks. However, SGD suffers from inevitable drawbacks, including vanishing gradients, lack of theoretical…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-01-09 Zeinab Ebrahimi , Gustavo Batista , Mohammad Deghat

Adaptive gradient methods, especially Adam-type methods (such as Adam, AMSGrad, and AdaBound), have been proposed to speed up the training process with an element-wise scaling term on learning rates. However, they often generalize poorly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-07-20 Zhou Shao , Tong Lin

Stochastic Gradient Decent (SGD) is one of the core techniques behind the success of deep neural networks. The gradient provides information on the direction in which a function has the steepest rate of change. The main problem with basic…

Stochastic gradient algorithms have been the main focus of large-scale learning problems and they led to important successes in machine learning. The convergence of SGD depends on the careful choice of learning rate and the amount of the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2015-11-03 Caglar Gulcehre , Marcin Moczulski , Yoshua Bengio

This paper aims to clearly distinguish between Stochastic Gradient Descent with Momentum (SGDM) and Adam in terms of their convergence rates. We demonstrate that Adam achieves a faster convergence compared to SGDM under the condition of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-25 Bohan Wang , Huishuai Zhang , Qi Meng , Ruoyu Sun , Zhi-Ming Ma , Wei Chen

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is the main approach for training deep networks: it moves towards the optimum of the cost function by iteratively updating the parameters of a model in the direction of the gradient of the loss evaluated on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-30 Loris Nanni , Gianluca Maguolo , Alessandra Lumini

Neural network optimization remains one of the most consequential yet poorly understood challenges in modern AI research, where improvements in training algorithms can lead to enhanced feature learning in foundation models,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Ansh Nagwekar

The stochastic gradient descent (SGD) optimizers are generally used to train the convolutional neural networks (CNNs). In recent years, several adaptive momentum based SGD optimizers have been introduced, such as Adam, diffGrad, Radam and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-10-14 Shiv Ram Dubey , Satish Kumar Singh , Bidyut Baran Chaudhuri

In recent years, deep learning has achieved remarkable success in various fields such as image recognition, natural language processing, and speech recognition. The effectiveness of deep learning largely depends on the optimization methods…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-25 David Shulman

We introduce a novel algorithm for gradient-based optimization of stochastic objective functions. The method may be seen as a variant of SGD with momentum equipped with an adaptive learning rate automatically adjusted by an 'energy'…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2022-03-24 Hailiang Liu , Xuping Tian

First-order optimization algorithms have been proven prominent in deep learning. In particular, algorithms such as RMSProp and Adam are extremely popular. However, recent works have pointed out the lack of ``long-term memory" in Adam-like…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-01 Haiwen Huang , Chang Wang , Bin Dong

Training neural networks requires optimizing a loss function that may be highly irregular, and in particular neither convex nor smooth. Popular training algorithms are based on stochastic gradient descent with momentum (SGDM), for which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Qinzi Zhang , Ashok Cutkosky