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As the use of large language models (LLMs) continues to expand, ensuring their safety and robustness has become a critical challenge. In particular, jailbreak attacks that bypass built-in safety mechanisms are increasingly recognized as a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-19 Hajun Kim , Hyunsik Na , Daeseon Choi

Extensive efforts have been made before the public release of Large language models (LLMs) to align their behaviors with human values. However, even meticulously aligned LLMs remain vulnerable to malicious manipulations such as…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-01 Zeguan Xiao , Yan Yang , Guanhua Chen , Yun Chen

Recent reasoning-based safety guardrails for Large Reasoning Models (LRMs), such as deliberative alignment, have shown strong defense against jailbreak attacks. By leveraging LRMs' reasoning ability, these guardrails help the models to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Shuo Chen , Zhen Han , Haokun Chen , Bailan He , Shengyun Si , Jingpei Wu , Philip Torr , Volker Tresp , Jindong Gu

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities in executing complex tasks in a zero-shot manner, they are susceptible to jailbreak attacks and can be manipulated to produce harmful outputs. Recently, a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-07 Zhao Xu , Fan Liu , Hao Liu

Jailbreaking large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a critical security challenge with the widespread deployment of conversational AI systems. Adversarial users exploit these models through carefully crafted prompts to elicit…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-23 Sri Durga Sai Sowmya Kadali , Evangelos E. Papalexakis

Jailbreak attacks represent one of the most sophisticated threats to the security of large language models (LLMs). To deal with such risks, we introduce an innovative framework that can help evaluate the effectiveness of jailbreak attacks…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-19 Dong Shu , Chong Zhang , Mingyu Jin , Zihao Zhou , Lingyao Li , Yongfeng Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable capabilities but remain vulnerable to adversarial prompts known as jailbreaks, which can bypass safety alignment and elicit harmful outputs. Despite growing efforts in LLM safety…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Guobin Shen , Dongcheng Zhao , Linghao Feng , Xiang He , Jihang Wang , Sicheng Shen , Haibo Tong , Yiting Dong , Jindong Li , Xiang Zheng , Yi Zeng

Large language models (LLMs) have seen rapid development in recent years, revolutionizing various applications and significantly enhancing convenience and productivity. However, alongside their impressive capabilities, ethical concerns and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 Yu-Ling Hsu , Hsuan Su , Shang-Tse Chen

Despite efforts to align large language models (LLMs) with societal and moral values, these models remain susceptible to jailbreak attacks -- methods designed to elicit harmful responses. Jailbreaking black-box LLMs is considered…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Muyang Zheng , Yuanzhi Yao , Changting Lin , Caihong Kai , Yanxiang Chen , Zhiquan Liu

While large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across various tasks, they encounter potential security risks such as jailbreak attacks, which exploit vulnerabilities to bypass security measures and generate harmful…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-28 Xinyuan Wang , Victor Shea-Jay Huang , Renmiao Chen , Hao Wang , Chengwei Pan , Lei Sha , Minlie Huang

Despite rigorous safety alignment, Large Language Models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks. Existing black-box methods often rely on heuristic templates or exhaustive trials, lacking mechanistic interpretability and query…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Ziwei Wang , Jing Chen , Ruichao Liang , Zhi Wang , Yebo Feng , Ju Jia , Ruiying Du , Cong Wu , Yang Liu

While large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across a wide range of tasks, they pose potential safety concerns, such as the ``jailbreak'' problem, wherein malicious instructions can manipulate LLMs to exhibit…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-05 Yue Deng , Wenxuan Zhang , Sinno Jialin Pan , Lidong Bing

Despite recent advances, Large Language Models remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that bypass alignment safeguards and elicit harmful outputs. While prior research has proposed various attack strategies differing in human readability…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Havva Alizadeh Noughabi , Julien Serbanescu , Fattane Zarrinkalam , Ali Dehghantanha

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, but their potential misuse for harmful purposes remains a significant concern. To strengthen defenses against such vulnerabilities, it is essential…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Seongho Joo , Hyukhun Koh , Kyomin Jung

With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), ensuring their safe use becomes increasingly critical. Fine-tuning is a widely used method for adapting models to downstream tasks, yet it is vulnerable to jailbreak attacks.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Xiangfang Li , Yu Wang , Bo Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely deployed in real-world systems. Given their broader applicability, prompt engineering has become an efficient tool for resource-scarce organizations to adopt LLMs for their own purposes. At the same…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 Piyush Jaiswal , Aaditya Pratap , Shreyansh Saraswati , Harsh Kasyap , Somanath Tripathy

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed task automation and content generation across various domains while incorporating safety filters to prevent misuse. We introduce a novel jailbreaking framework that employs distributed prompt…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Johan Wahréus , Ahmed Hussain , Panos Papadimitratos

The safety alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) is vulnerable to both manual and automated jailbreak attacks, which adversarially trigger LLMs to output harmful content. However, current methods for jailbreaking LLMs, which nest entire…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-13 Xirui Li , Ruochen Wang , Minhao Cheng , Tianyi Zhou , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, but their power comes with significant security considerations. While extensive research has been conducted on the safety of LLMs in chat mode, the security…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-25 Zihui Wu , Haichang Gao , Jianping He , Ping Wang

Greybox fuzzing is one of the most popular methods for detecting software vulnerabilities, which conducts a biased random search within the program input space. To enhance its effectiveness in achieving deep coverage of program behaviors,…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Ruijie Meng , Gregory J. Duck , Abhik Roychoudhury