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Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of Natural Language Processing thanks to their ability to reuse knowledge acquired on massive text corpora on a wide variety of downstream tasks, with minimal (if any) tuning steps.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-12 Flavio Petruzzellis , Alberto Testolin , Alessandro Sperduti

In this paper, we introduce a novel technique for content safety and prompt injection classification for Large Language Models. Our technique, Layer Enhanced Classification (LEC), trains a Penalized Logistic Regression (PLR) classifier on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-19 Mason Sawtell , Tula Masterman , Sandi Besen , Jim Brown

This work investigates distillation methods for large language models (LLMs) with the goal of developing compact models that preserve high performance. Several existing approaches are reviewed, with a discussion of their respective…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-10 Grigory Kovalev , Mikhail Tikhomirov

Transformer-based NLP models are trained using hundreds of millions or even billions of parameters, limiting their applicability in computationally constrained environments. While the number of parameters generally correlates with…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-08-16 Hassan Sajjad , Fahim Dalvi , Nadir Durrani , Preslav Nakov

Transformer models have demonstrated remarkable performance in neural machine translation (NMT). However, their vulnerability to noisy input poses a significant challenge in practical implementation, where generating clean output from noisy…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-25 Quinten Bolding , Baohao Liao , Brandon James Denis , Jun Luo , Christof Monz

This paper introduces an efficient strategy to transform Large Language Models (LLMs) into Multi-Modal Large Language Models (MLLMs). By conceptualizing this transformation as a domain adaptation process, i.e., transitioning from text…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-19 Bingchen Zhao , Haoqin Tu , Chen Wei , Jieru Mei , Cihang Xie

The rapid development in the performance of large language models (LLMs) is accompanied by the escalation of model size, leading to the increasing cost of model training and inference. Previous research has discovered that certain layers in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Fangwei Zhu , Dian Li , Jiajun Huang , Gang Liu , Hui Wang , Zhifang Sui

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPTs) are revolutionizing the generation of human-like text, producing contextually relevant and syntactically correct content. Despite challenges like biases and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-04 Alper Yaman , Jannik Schwab , Christof Nitsche , Abhirup Sinha , Marco Huber

The transformer is a state-of-the-art neural translation model that uses attention to iteratively refine lexical representations with information drawn from the surrounding context. Lexical features are fed into the first layer and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-07-01 Denis Emelin , Ivan Titov , Rico Sennrich

This study introduces a new normalization layer termed Batch Layer Normalization (BLN) to reduce the problem of internal covariate shift in deep neural network layers. As a combined version of batch and layer normalization, BLN adaptively…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-16 Amir Ziaee , Erion Çano

Large language models (LLMs) based on transformer are witnessing a notable trend of size expansion, which brings considerable costs to both model training and inference. However, existing methods such as model quantization, knowledge…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-16 Yifei Yang , Zouying Cao , Hai Zhao

Since the release of GPT2-1.5B in 2019, the large language models (LLMs) have evolved from specialized deep models to versatile foundation models. While demonstrating remarkable zero-shot ability, the LLMs still require fine-tuning on local…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Yanjie Dong , Haijun Zhang , Chengming Li , Song Guo , Victor C. M. Leung , Xiping Hu

Modern large language foundation models (LLM) have now entered the daily lives of millions of users. We ask a natural question whether it is possible to customize LLM for every user or every task. From system and industrial economy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-11 Jianqiao Wangni

Self-supervised pre-training of large-scale transformer models on text corpora followed by finetuning has achieved state-of-the-art on a number of natural language processing tasks. Recently, Lu et al. (2021, arXiv:2103.05247) claimed that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-07-28 Danielle Rothermel , Margaret Li , Tim Rocktäschel , Jakob Foerster

This study is dedicated to assessing the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3.5-Turbo, GPT-4, and GPT-4-Turbo in extracting structured information from scientific documents in materials science. To this end, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-03 Luca Foppiano , Guillaume Lambard , Toshiyuki Amagasa , Masashi Ishii

Recent advances in pruning of neural networks have made it possible to remove a large number of filters or weights without any perceptible drop in accuracy. The number of parameters and that of FLOPs are usually the reported metrics to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-11-10 Sara Elkerdawy , Mostafa Elhoushi , Abhineet Singh , Hong Zhang , Nilanjan Ray

High-dimensional token embeddings underpin Large Language Models (LLMs), as they can capture subtle semantic information and significantly enhance the modelling of complex language patterns. However, this high dimensionality also introduces…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-07 Mingxue Xu , Yao Lei Xu , Danilo P. Mandic

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural-language processing, yet their scale makes real-world deployment costly. Post-training quantization reduces memory and computation but often degrades accuracy, while quantization-aware…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-15 Cody Steinmetz , Gavin Childress , Aaron Herbst , Gavin Jones , Jasdeep Singh , Eli Vang , Keagan Weinstock

Large language models (LLMs) enable unparalleled few- and zero-shot reasoning capabilities but at a high computational footprint. A growing assortment of methods for compression promises to reduce the computational burden of LLMs in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-11 Ananya Harsh Jha , Tom Sherborne , Evan Pete Walsh , Dirk Groeneveld , Emma Strubell , Iz Beltagy

Much theoretical work has described the ability of transformers to represent formal languages. However, linking theoretical results to empirical performance is not straightforward due to the complex interplay between the architecture, the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-07 Anej Svete , Nadav Borenstein , Mike Zhou , Isabelle Augenstein , Ryan Cotterell