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Although large language models (LLMs) have advanced the state-of-the-art in NLP significantly, deploying them for downstream applications is still challenging due to cost, responsiveness, control, or concerns around privacy and security. As…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-01 Dong-Ho Lee , Jay Pujara , Mohit Sewak , Ryen W. White , Sujay Kumar Jauhar

Large language models (LLMs) are now rapidly advancing and surpassing human abilities on many natural language tasks. However, aligning these super-human LLMs with human knowledge remains challenging because the supervision signals from…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-28 Yue Guo , Yi Yang

Most reinforcement learning (RL) methods for training large language models (LLMs) require ground-truth labels or task-specific verifiers, limiting scalability when correctness is ambiguous or expensive to obtain. We introduce Reinforcement…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Micah Rentschler , Jesse Roberts

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capacity for in-context learning (ICL), where learning a new task from just a few training examples is done without being explicitly pre-trained. However, despite the success of LLMs, there…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-02 Xindi Wang , Yufei Wang , Can Xu , Xiubo Geng , Bowen Zhang , Chongyang Tao , Frank Rudzicz , Robert E. Mercer , Daxin Jiang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable emergent capabilities through extensive pre-training, they still face critical limitations in generalizing to specialized domains and handling diverse linguistic variations, known…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Jinwu Hu , Zhitian Zhang , Guohao Chen , Xutao Wen , Chao Shuai , Wei Luo , Bin Xiao , Yuanqing Li , Mingkui Tan

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have become the preferred models for node classification in graph data due to their robust capabilities in integrating graph structures and attributes. However, these models heavily depend on a substantial…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-19 Taiyan Zhang , Renchi Yang , Yurui Lai , Mingyu Yan , Xiaochun Ye , Dongrui Fan

The remarkable performance of large language models (LLMs) in zero-shot language understanding has garnered significant attention. However, employing LLMs for large-scale inference or domain-specific fine-tuning requires immense…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Ruohong Zhang , Yau-Shian Wang , Yiming Yang

Supervised finetuning (SFT) on instruction datasets has played a crucial role in achieving the remarkable zero-shot generalization capabilities observed in modern large language models (LLMs). However, the annotation efforts required to…

Training tool-augmented LLMs has emerged as a promising approach to enhancing language models' capabilities for complex tasks. The current supervised fine-tuning paradigm relies on constructing extensive domain-specific datasets to train…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Yirong Zeng , Xiao Ding , Yutai Hou , Yuxian Wang , Li Du , Juyi Dai , Qiuyang Ding , Duyu Tang , Dandan Tu , Weiwen Liu , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have recently been introduced to graph learning, aiming to extend their zero-shot generalization success to tasks where labeled graph data is scarce. Among these applications, inference over text-attributed…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Haoyu Wang , Shikun Liu , Rongzhe Wei , Pan Li

State-of-the-art, high capacity deep neural networks not only require large amounts of labelled training data, they are also highly susceptible to label errors in this data, typically resulting in large efforts and costs and therefore…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-07-20 Christian Haase-Schütz , Rainer Stal , Heinz Hertlein , Bernhard Sick

Large Language Model (LLM) has demonstrated significant ability in various Natural Language Processing tasks. However, their effectiveness is highly dependent on the phrasing of the task prompt, leading to research on automatic prompt…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-06 Moxin Li , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng , Yixin Cao , Jizhi Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential for data annotation, markedly reducing the labor costs associated with downstream applications. However, existing methods mostly adopt an aggressive strategy by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Mingxuan Xia , Haobo Wang , Yixuan Li , Zewei Yu , Jindong Wang , Junbo Zhao , Runze Wu

Efforts have increased in recent years to identify associations between specific datasets and the scientific literature that incorporates them. Knowing that a given publication cites a given dataset, the next logical step is to explore how…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-06 Neil Byers , Ali Zaidi , Valerie Skye , Chris Beecroft , Kjiersten Fagnan

We address the task of hierarchical multi-label classification (HMC) of scientific documents at an industrial scale, where hundreds of thousands of documents must be classified across thousands of dynamic labels. The rapid growth of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-09 Seyed Amin Tabatabaei , Sarah Fancher , Michael Parsons , Arian Askari

Large language models (LLMs) enable researchers to analyze text at unprecedented scale and minimal cost. Researchers can now revisit old questions and tackle novel ones with rich data. We provide an econometric framework for realizing this…

计量经济学 · 经济学 2025-12-08 Jens Ludwig , Sendhil Mullainathan , Ashesh Rambachan

Recently, large-scale pre-trained Vision and Language (VL) models have set a new state-of-the-art (SOTA) in zero-shot visual classification enabling open-vocabulary recognition of potentially unlimited set of categories defined as simple…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-10-24 M. Jehanzeb Mirza , Leonid Karlinsky , Wei Lin , Mateusz Kozinski , Horst Possegger , Rogerio Feris , Horst Bischof

Text-Attributed Graphs (TAGs) are graphs of connected textual documents. Graph models can efficiently learn TAGs, but their training heavily relies on human-annotated labels, which are scarce or even unavailable in many applications. Large…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-07 Bo Pan , Zheng Zhang , Yifei Zhang , Yuntong Hu , Liang Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the impressive ability to perform in-context learning (ICL) from only a few examples, but the success of ICL varies widely from task to task. Thus, it is important to quickly determine whether ICL is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-27 Harvey Yiyun Fu , Qinyuan Ye , Albert Xu , Xiang Ren , Robin Jia

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable generalization capabilities across a wide range of tasks. However, their performance often remains suboptimal when directly applied to specific downstream scenarios without…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-08 Hao Dong , Lijun Sheng , Jian Liang , Ran He , Eleni Chatzi , Olga Fink