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Quantization has become a predominant approach for model compression, enabling deployment of large models trained on GPUs onto smaller form-factor devices for inference. Quantization-aware training (QAT) optimizes model parameters with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-12-13 Zheng Wang , Juncheng B Li , Shuhui Qu , Florian Metze , Emma Strubell

Training quantized neural networks requires addressing the non-differentiable and discrete nature of the underlying optimization problem. To tackle this challenge, the straight-through estimator (STE) has become the most widely adopted…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Halyun Jeong , Jack Xin , Penghang Yin

Sparse training is a natural idea to accelerate the training speed of deep neural networks and save the memory usage, especially since large modern neural networks are significantly over-parameterized. However, most of the existing methods…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-11-11 Xiao Zhou , Weizhong Zhang , Zonghao Chen , Shizhe Diao , Tong Zhang

Quantized neural network training optimizes a discrete, non-differentiable objective. The straight-through estimator (STE) enables backpropagation through surrogate gradients and is widely used. While previous studies have primarily focused…

机器学习 · 统计学 2025-10-14 Yuma Ichikawa , Shuhei Kashiwamura , Ayaka Sakata

Training activation quantized neural networks involves minimizing a piecewise constant function whose gradient vanishes almost everywhere, which is undesirable for the standard back-propagation or chain rule. An empirical way around this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-09-26 Penghang Yin , Jiancheng Lyu , Shuai Zhang , Stanley Osher , Yingyong Qi , Jack Xin

We solve the analysis sparse coding problem considering a combination of convex and non-convex sparsity promoting penalties. The multi-penalty formulation results in an iterative algorithm involving proximal-averaging. We then unfold the…

Quantized neural networks can be viewed as a chain of noisy channels, where rounding in each layer reduces capacity as bit-width shrinks; the floating-point (FP) checkpoint sets the maximum input rate. We track capacity dynamics as the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-12 Sergey Salishev , Ian Akhremchik

Despite impressive performance, deep neural networks require significant memory and computation costs, prohibiting their application in resource-constrained scenarios. Sparse training is one of the most common techniques to reduce these…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-06 Bowen Lei , Dongkuan Xu , Ruqi Zhang , Shuren He , Bani K. Mallick

Quantization reduces computation costs of neural networks but suffers from performance degeneration. Is this accuracy drop due to the reduced capacity, or inefficient training during the quantization procedure? After looking into the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-12-24 Qing Jin , Linjie Yang , Zhenyu Liao

While neural networks have made significant strides in many AI tasks, they remain vulnerable to a range of noise types, including natural corruptions, adversarial noise, and low-resolution artifacts. Many existing approaches focus on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-09-30 Zhiling Zhou , Zirui Liu , Chengming Xu , Yanwei Fu , Xinwei Sun

Training quantised neural networks (QNNs) is a non-differentiable optimisation problem since weights and features are output by piecewise constant functions. The standard solution is to apply the straight-through estimator (STE), using…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-23 Matteo Spallanzani , Gian Paolo Leonardi , Luca Benini

Quantized or low-bit neural networks are attractive due to their inference efficiency. However, training deep neural networks with quantized activations involves minimizing a discontinuous and piecewise constant loss function. Such a loss…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-15 Ziang Long , Penghang Yin , Jack Xin

Quantization-aware training (QAT) is essential for deploying large models under strict memory and latency constraints, yet achieving stable and robust optimization at ultra-low bitwidths remains challenging. Common approaches based on the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Tianyi Chen , Sihan Chen , Xiaoyi Qu , Dan Zhao , Ruomei Yan , Jongwoo Ko , Luming Liang , Pashmina Cameron

Neural network quantization aims to reduce the bit-widths of weights and activations, making it a critical technique for deploying deep neural networks on resource-constrained hardware. Most Quantization-Aware Training (QAT) methods rely on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Kaiqi Zhao

Network quantization aims at reducing bit-widths of weights and/or activations, particularly important for implementing deep neural networks with limited hardware resources. Most methods use the straight-through estimator (STE) to train…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-04-05 Junghyup Lee , Dohyung Kim , Bumsub Ham

Despite the achievements of recent binarization methods on reducing the performance degradation of Binary Neural Networks (BNNs), gradient mismatching caused by the Straight-Through-Estimator (STE) still dominates quantized networks. This…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-09-11 Junjie Liu , Dongchao Wen , Deyu Wang , Wei Tao , Tse-Wei Chen , Kinya Osa , Masami Kato

Turning the weights to zero when training a neural network helps in reducing the computational complexity at inference. To progressively increase the sparsity ratio in the network without causing sharp weight discontinuities during…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-01-25 Antoine Vanderschueren , Christophe De Vleeschouwer

Dynamic Sparse Training (DST) methods train neural networks by maintaining sparsity while dynamically adapting the network topology. Despite the promise of reduced computation, DST methods converge significantly slower than dense training,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-28 Mohammed Adnan , Rohan Jain , Tom Jacobs , Ekansh Sharma , Rahul G. Krishnan , Rebekka Burkholz , Yani Ioannou

The Straight-Through Estimator (STE) is widely used for back-propagating gradients through the quantization function, but the STE technique lacks a complete theoretical understanding. We propose an alternative methodology called…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-05-22 Zhi-Gang Liu , Matthew Mattina

We tackle the problem of producing compact models, maximizing their accuracy for a given model size. A standard solution is to train networks with Quantization Aware Training, where the weights are quantized during training and the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-02 Angela Fan , Pierre Stock , Benjamin Graham , Edouard Grave , Remi Gribonval , Herve Jegou , Armand Joulin
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