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Personalized treatment decisions have become an integral part of modern medicine. Thereby, the aim is to make treatment decisions based on individual patient characteristics. Numerous methods have been developed for learning such policies…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-06-27 Daniel Tschernutter , Tobias Hatt , Stefan Feuerriegel

Offline policy optimization could have a large impact on many real-world decision-making problems, as online learning may be infeasible in many applications. Importance sampling and its variants are a commonly used type of estimator in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-07-05 Yao Liu , Yannis Flet-Berliac , Emma Brunskill

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) looks at learning how to optimally solve tasks using a fixed dataset of interactions from the environment. Many off-policy algorithms developed for online learning struggle in the offline setting as they…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Natinael Solomon Neggatu , Jeremie Houssineau , Giovanni Montana

For industrial learning-to-rank (LTR) systems, it is common that the output of a ranking model is modified, either as a results of post-processing logic that enforces business requirements, or as a result of unforeseen design flaws or bugs…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-11-06 Matej Jakimov , Alexander Buchholz , Yannik Stein , Thorsten Joachims

We study the efficient off-policy evaluation of natural stochastic policies, which are defined in terms of deviations from the behavior policy. This is a departure from the literature on off-policy evaluation where most work consider the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-11-05 Nathan Kallus , Masatoshi Uehara

We study off-policy evaluation (OPE) of contextual bandit policies for large discrete action spaces where conventional importance-weighting approaches suffer from excessive variance. To circumvent this variance issue, we propose a new…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-06-12 Yuta Saito , Qingyang Ren , Thorsten Joachims

In an Markov decision process (MDP), unobservable confounders may exist and have impacts on the data generating process, so that the classic off-policy evaluation (OPE) estimators may fail to identify the true value function of the target…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-09-13 Miao Lu , Wenhao Yang , Liangyu Zhang , Zhihua Zhang

We develop a generic data-driven method for estimator selection in off-policy policy evaluation settings. We establish a strong performance guarantee for the method, showing that it is competitive with the oracle estimator, up to a constant…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-08-25 Yi Su , Pavithra Srinath , Akshay Krishnamurthy

We consider the off-policy evaluation problem in Markov decision processes with function approximation. We propose a generalization of the recently introduced \emph{emphatic temporal differences} (ETD) algorithm \citep{SuttonMW15}, which…

机器学习 · 统计学 2015-11-30 Assaf Hallak , Aviv Tamar , Remi Munos , Shie Mannor

Off-policy evaluation (OPE) in reinforcement learning allows one to evaluate novel decision policies without needing to conduct exploration, which is often costly or otherwise infeasible. We consider for the first time the semiparametric…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-08 Nathan Kallus , Masatoshi Uehara

Many sequential decision making problems are high-stakes and require off-policy evaluation (OPE) of a new policy using historical data collected using some other policy. One of the most common OPE techniques that provides unbiased estimates…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-06 Christina J. Yuan , Yash Chandak , Stephen Giguere , Philip S. Thomas , Scott Niekum

Off-Policy Evaluation (OPE) aims to assess the effectiveness of counterfactual policies using only offline logged data and is often used to identify the top-k promising policies for deployment in online A/B tests. Existing evaluation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-12 Haruka Kiyohara , Ren Kishimoto , Kosuke Kawakami , Ken Kobayashi , Kazuhide Nakata , Yuta Saito

The problem of Offline Policy Evaluation (OPE) in Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a critical step towards applying RL in real-life applications. Existing work on OPE mostly focus on evaluating a fixed target policy $\pi$, which does not…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-02 Ming Yin , Yu Bai , Yu-Xiang Wang

A critical need for industrial recommender systems is the ability to evaluate recommendation policies offline, before deploying them to production. Unfortunately, widely used off-policy evaluation methods either make strong assumptions…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-19 Alexander Buchholz , Ben London , Giuseppe di Benedetto , Thorsten Joachims

We study the evaluation of a policy under best- and worst-case perturbations to a Markov decision process (MDP), using transition observations from the original MDP, whether they are generated under the same or a different policy. This is…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Andrew Bennett , Nathan Kallus , Miruna Oprescu , Wen Sun , Kaiwen Wang

In this paper we present a new way of predicting the performance of a reinforcement learning policy given historical data that may have been generated by a different policy. The ability to evaluate a policy from historical data is important…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2016-04-05 Philip S. Thomas , Emma Brunskill

This work studies the statistical limits of uniform convergence for offline policy evaluation (OPE) problems with model-based methods (for episodic MDP) and provides a unified framework towards optimal learning for several well-motivated…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-25 Ming Yin , Yu-Xiang Wang

In offline-to-online reinforcement learning (O2O-RL), policies are first safely trained offline using previously collected datasets and then further fine-tuned for tasks via limited online interactions. In a typical O2O-RL pipeline,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Alper Kamil Bozkurt , Xiaoan Xu , Shangtong Zhang , Miroslav Pajic , Yuichi Motai

Evaluating and optimizing policies in the presence of unobserved confounders is a problem of growing interest in offline reinforcement learning. Using conventional methods for offline RL in the presence of confounding can not only lead to…

机器学习 · 统计学 2023-11-08 Chinmaya Kausik , Yangyi Lu , Kevin Tan , Maggie Makar , Yixin Wang , Ambuj Tewari

Markov automata combine non-determinism, probabilistic branching, and exponentially distributed delays. This compositional variant of continuous-time Markov decision processes is used in reliability engineering, performance evaluation and…

计算机科学中的逻辑 · 计算机科学 2017-05-11 Tim Quatmann , Sebastian Junges , Joost-Pieter Katoen