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As powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) are now widely used for numerous practical applications, their safety is of critical importance. While alignment techniques have significantly improved overall safety, LLMs remain vulnerable to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-28 Samuel Jacob Chacko , Sajib Biswas , Chashi Mahiul Islam , Fatema Tabassum Liza , Xiuwen Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are expected to be predictable and trustworthy to support reliable decision-making systems. Yet current LLMs often show inconsistencies in their judgments. In this work, we examine logical preference consistency…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Yinhong Liu , Zhijiang Guo , Tianya Liang , Ehsan Shareghi , Ivan Vulić , Nigel Collier

With the rise of large language models (LLMs), ensuring they embody the principles of being helpful, honest, and harmless (3H), known as Human Alignment, becomes crucial. While existing alignment methods like RLHF, DPO, etc., effectively…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Shu Yang , Jiayuan Su , Han Jiang , Mengdi Li , Keyuan Cheng , Muhammad Asif Ali , Lijie Hu , Di Wang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications, it is important to ensure their behaviors align with human values, societal norms, and ethical principles. However, safety alignment under Reinforcement…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Yifan Niu , Han Xiao , Dongyi Liu , Nuo Chen , Jia Li

Human preference data is essential for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values, but collecting such data is often costly and inefficient-motivating the need for efficient data selection methods that reduce annotation costs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Seohyeong Lee , Eunwon Kim , Hwaran Lee , Buru Chang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in decision-making scenarios that involve risk assessment, yet their alignment with human economic rationality remains unclear. In this study, we investigate whether LLMs exhibit risk…

综合经济学 · 经济学 2025-09-16 Jiaxin Liu , Yixuan Tang , Yi Yang , Kar Yan Tam

In this study, we introduce the safety human preference dataset, PKU-SafeRLHF, designed to promote research on safety alignment in large language models (LLMs). As a sibling project to SafeRLHF and BeaverTails, we separate annotations of…

Ensuring the safety of Large Language Models (LLMs) in diverse linguistic settings remains challenging, particularly for low-resource languages. Existing safety alignment methods are English-centric, limiting their effectiveness. We…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-09 Isaac Lim , Shaun Khoo , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Watson Chua , Jia Yi Goh , Jessica Foo

The growing safety concerns surrounding large language models raise an urgent need to align them with diverse human preferences to simultaneously enhance their helpfulness and safety. A promising approach is to enforce safety constraints…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-11-25 Xinmeng Huang , Shuo Li , Edgar Dobriban , Osbert Bastani , Hamed Hassani , Dongsheng Ding

Alignment is a crucial step to enhance the instruction-following and conversational abilities of language models. Despite many recent work proposing new algorithms, datasets, and training pipelines, there is a lack of comprehensive studies…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-04 Xiao Yu , Qingyang Wu , Yu Li , Zhou Yu

Alignment of large language models (LLMs) has predominantly relied on pairwise preference optimization, where annotators select the better of two responses to a prompt. While simple, this approach overlooks the opportunity to learn from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Yuxuan Tang , Yifan Feng

The rapid advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Visual-Language Models (LVLMs) have opened up new opportunities for integrating visual and linguistic modalities. However, effectively aligning these modalities remains…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-12 Sihan Yang , Chenhang Cui , Zihao Zhao , Yiyang Zhou , Weilong Yan , Ying Wei , Huaxiu Yao

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) has become the de-facto standard for efficient LLM deployment, yet its optimization objective remains fundamentally incomplete. Standard PTQ methods minimize reconstruction error (e.g., MSE or KL divergence)…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-19 Sunghyun Wee , Suyoung Kim , Hyeonjin Kim , Kyomin Hwang , Nojun Kwak

This study evaluates Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) and its variants for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences, testing three configurations: (1) with Supervised Fine Tuning (SFT), (2) without SFT, and (3)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Amir Saeidi , Shivanshu Verma , Md Nayem Uddin , Chitta Baral

Aligning language models to human expectations, e.g., being helpful and harmless, has become a pressing challenge for large language models. A typical alignment procedure consists of supervised fine-tuning and preference learning. Most…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-27 Tianchi Cai , Xierui Song , Jiyan Jiang , Fei Teng , Jinjie Gu , Guannan Zhang

While large language models (LLMs) such as Llama-2 or GPT-4 have shown impressive zero-shot performance, fine-tuning is still necessary to enhance their performance for customized datasets, domain-specific tasks, or other private needs.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-07 Chia-Yi Hsu , Yu-Lin Tsai , Chih-Hsun Lin , Pin-Yu Chen , Chia-Mu Yu , Chun-Ying Huang

As a relative quality comparison of model responses, human and Large Language Model (LLM) preferences serve as common alignment goals in model fine-tuning and criteria in evaluation. Yet, these preferences merely reflect broad tendencies,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-20 Junlong Li , Fan Zhou , Shichao Sun , Yikai Zhang , Hai Zhao , Pengfei Liu

Reinforcement Learning frameworks, particularly those utilizing human annotations, have become an increasingly popular method for preference fine-tuning, where the outputs of a language model are tuned to match a certain set of behavioral…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Archie Chaudhury

Alignment with human preference is a desired property of large language models (LLMs). Currently, the main alignment approach is based on reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). Despite the effectiveness of RLHF, it is intricate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Geyang Guo , Ranchi Zhao , Tianyi Tang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) to align with human preferences has driven the success of systems such as Gemini and ChatGPT. However, approaches like Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) remain computationally…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Miria Feng , Mert Pilanci