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Browser fingerprinting is an invasive and opaque stateless tracking technique. Browser vendors, academics, and standards bodies have long struggled to provide meaningful protections against browser fingerprinting that are both accurate and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-08-12 Umar Iqbal , Steven Englehardt , Zubair Shafiq

Modern HTTPS mechanisms such as Encrypted Client Hello (ECH) and encrypted DNS improve privacy but remain vulnerable to website fingerprinting (WF) attacks, where adversaries infer visited sites from encrypted traffic patterns. Existing WF…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-22 Yifei Cheng , Yujia Zhu , Baiyang Li , Xinhao Deng , Yitong Cai , Yaochen Ren , Qingyun Liu

While anonymity networks like Tor aim to protect the privacy of their users, they are vulnerable to traffic analysis attacks such as Website Fingerprinting (WF) and Flow Correlation (FC). Recent implementations of WF and FC attacks, such as…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-09-26 James K Holland , Jason Carpenter , Se Eun Oh , Nicholas Hopper

Website Fingerprinting (WF) attacks are used by local passive attackers to determine the destination of encrypted internet traffic by comparing the sequences of packets sent to and received by the user to a previously recorded data set. As…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-09-23 James K Holland , Nicholas Hopper

Parallel to our physical activities our virtual presence also leaves behind our unique digital fingerprints, while navigating on the Internet. These digital fingerprints have the potential to unveil users' activities encompassing browsing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-09-09 Blerim Rexha , Arbena Musa , Kamer Vishi , Edlira Martiri

Website fingerprinting (WF) attacks, usually conducted with the help of a machine learning-based classifier, enable a network eavesdropper to pinpoint which web page a user is accessing through the inspection of traffic patterns. These…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-11-29 Alexander Veicht , Cedric Renggli , Diogo Barradas

Website Fingerprinting (WF) is considered a major threat to the anonymity of Tor users (and other anonymity systems). While state-of-the-art WF techniques have claimed high attack accuracies, e.g., by leveraging Deep Neural Networks (DNN),…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-09-20 Alireza Bahramali , Ardavan Bozorgi , Amir Houmansadr

Website Fingerprinting (WF) is an effective tool for regulating and governing the dark web. However, its performance can be significantly degraded by backdoor poisoning attacks in practical deployments. This paper aims to address the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Yali Yuan , Kai Xu , Ruolin Ma , Yuchen Zhang

Passive operating system fingerprinting reveals valuable information to the defenders of heterogeneous private networks; at the same time, attackers can use fingerprinting to reconnoiter networks, so defenders need obfuscation techniques to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2017-06-27 Blake Anderson , David McGrew

Online anonymity and privacy has been based on confusing the adversary by creating indistinguishable network elements. Tor is the largest and most widely deployed anonymity system, designed against realistic modern adversaries. Recently,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-01-13 George Kadianakis , Theodoros Polyzos , Mike Perry , Kostas Chatzikokolakis

Browser fingerprinting often provides an attractive alternative to third-party cookies for tracking users across the web. In fact, the increasing restrictions on third-party cookies placed by common web browsers and recent regulations like…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-11-29 Meenatchi Sundaram Muthu Selva Annamalai , Igor Bilogrevic , Emiliano De Cristofaro

In webpage fingerprinting, an on-path adversary infers the specific webpage loaded by a victim user by analysing the patterns in the encrypted TLS traffic exchanged between the user's browser and the website's servers. This work studies…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-10-30 Vasilios Mavroudis , Jamie Hayes

Traffic analysis attacks to identify which web page a client is browsing, using only her packet metadata --- known as website fingerprinting --- has been proven effective in closed-world experiments against privacy technologies like Tor.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2018-02-16 Tao Wang

TOR (The Onion Router) network is a widely used open source anonymous communication tool, the abuse of TOR makes it difficult to monitor the proliferation of online crimes such as to access criminal websites. Most existing approches for TOR…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-09-27 Haili Sun , Yan Huang , Lansheng Han , Xiang Long , Hongle Liu , Chunjie Zhou

Recent studies have shown that Tor onion (hidden) service websites are particularly vulnerable to website fingerprinting attacks due to their limited number and sensitive nature. In this work we present a multi-level feature analysis of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2017-09-22 Rebekah Overdorf , Marc Juarez , Gunes Acar , Rachel Greenstadt , Claudia Diaz

Website fingerprinting (WF) is a dangerous attack on web privacy because it enables an adversary to predict the website a user is visiting, despite the use of encryption, VPNs, or anonymizing networks such as Tor. Previous WF work almost…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-22 Rob Jansen , Ryan Wails , Aaron Johnson

Website fingerprinting (WF) attacks, which covertly monitor user communications to identify the web pages they visit, pose a serious threat to user privacy. Existing WF defenses attempt to reduce attack accuracy by disrupting traffic…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-23 Siyuan Liang , Jiajun Gong , Tianmeng Fang , Aishan Liu , Tao Wang , Xiaochun Cao , Dacheng Tao , Ee-Chien Chang

Recent advances in learning Deep Neural Network (DNN) architectures have received a great deal of attention due to their ability to outperform state-of-the-art classifiers across a wide range of applications, with little or no feature…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2018-04-03 Se Eun Oh , Saikrishna Sunkam , Nicholas Hopper

Tor, an onion-routing anonymity network, has been shown to be vulnerable to Website Fingerprinting (WF), which de-anonymizes web browsing by analyzing the unique characteristics of the encrypted network traffic. Although many defenses have…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-11-25 Jiajun Gong , Wuqi Zhang , Charles Zhang , Tao Wang

Throughout recent years, the importance of internet-privacy has continuously risen. [...] Browser fingerprinting is a technique that does not require cookies or persistent identifiers. It derives a sufficiently unique identifier from the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-10-21 Sebastian Neef