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Zero-knowledge proofs (zk-Proofs) are communication protocols by which a prover can demonstrate to a verifier that it possesses a solution to a given public problem without revealing the content of the solution. Arbitrary computations can…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-01-08 Armando Cruz

Collision-resistant cryptographic hash functions (CRHs) are crucial for security, particularly for message authentication in Zero-knowledge Proof (ZKP) applications. However, traditional CRHs like SHA-2 or SHA-3, while optimized for CPUs,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Nojan Sheybani , Tengkai Gong , Anees Ahmed , Nges Brian Njungle , Michel Kinsy , Farinaz Koushanfar

With the proliferation of decentralized applications (DApps), the conflict between the transparency of blockchain technology and user data privacy has become increasingly prominent. While Decentralized Identity (DID) and Verifiable…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Hui Yuan

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has brought about sophisticated models capable of various tasks ranging from image recognition to natural language processing. As these models continue to grow in complexity, ensuring…

Ensuring that AI models are both verifiable and privacy-preserving is important for trust, accountability, and compliance. To address these concerns, recent research has focused on developing zero-knowledge machine learning (zkML)…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-16 Hidde Lycklama , Alexander Viand , Nikolay Avramov , Nicolas Küchler , Anwar Hithnawi

Zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) mixers are one of the most widely-used blockchain privacy solutions, operating on top of smart contract-enabled blockchains. We find that ZKP mixers are tightly intertwined with the growing number of Decentralized…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-03-07 Zhipeng Wang , Stefanos Chaliasos , Kaihua Qin , Liyi Zhou , Lifeng Gao , Pascal Berrang , Ben Livshits , Arthur Gervais

In this paper, we present Zecale, a general purpose SNARK proof aggregator that uses recursive composition of SNARKs. We start by introducing the notion of recursive composition of SNARKs, before introducing Zecale as a privacy preserving…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-10-19 Antoine Rondelet

The Open Vote Network is a self-tallying decentralized e-voting protocol suitable for boardroom elections. Currently, it has two Ethereum-based implementations: the first, by McCorry et al., has a scalability issue since all the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-03-08 Muhammad ElSheikh , Amr M. Youssef

Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKP) are protocols which construct cryptographic proofs to demonstrate knowledge of a secret input in a computation without revealing any information about the secret. ZKPs enable novel applications in private and…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Tarunesh Verma , Yichao Yuan , Nishil Talati , Todd Austin

Zk-SNARKs help scale blockchains with Verifiable Off-chain Computations (VOC). zk-SNARK DSL toolkits are key when designing arithmetic circuits but fall short of automating the subsequent proof-generation step in an automated manner. We…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-04-29 Alvaro Alonso Domenech , Jonathan Heiss , Stefan Tai

Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) have emerged as a powerful tool for secure and privacy-preserving computation. ZKPs enable one party to convince another of a statement's validity without revealing anything else. This capability has profound…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Alhad Daftardar , Jianqiao Mo , Joey Ah-kiow , Benedikt Bünz , Siddharth Garg , Brandon Reagen

Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) are a cryptographic primitive that allows a prover to demonstrate knowledge of a secret value to a verifier without revealing anything about the secret itself. ZKPs have shown to be an extremely powerful tool,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-29 Nojan Sheybani , Anees Ahmed , Michel Kinsy , Farinaz Koushanfar

Zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) frameworks have the potential to revolutionize the handling of sensitive data in various domains. However, deploying ZKP frameworks with real-world data presents several challenges, including scalability,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-07-14 Piergiuseppe Mallozzi

Zero-knowledge proofs (ZKP) are becoming a gold standard in scaling blockchains and bringing Web3 to life. At the same time, ZKP for transactions running on the Ethereum Virtual Machine require powerful servers with hundreds of CPU cores.…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Dumitrel Loghin , Shuang Liang , Shengwei Liu , Xiong Liu , Pingcheng Ruan , Zhigang Ye

Zero-knowledge proof generation imposes stringent timing and reliability constraints on blockchain systems. For ZK-rollups, delayed proofs cause finality lag and economic loss; for Ethereum's emerging L1 zkEVM, proofs must complete within…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-02-19 Mohsen Ahmadvand , Rok Pajnič , Ching-Lun Chiu

Privacy concerns in machine learning systems have grown significantly with the increasing reliance on sensitive user data for training large-scale models. This paper introduces a novel framework combining Probably Approximately Correct…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Guilhem Repetto , Nojan Sheybani , Gabrielle De Micheli , Farinaz Koushanfar

This paper explores how zero-knowledge proofs can enhance Bitcoin's functionality and privacy. First, we consider Proof-of-Reserve schemes: by using zk-STARKs, a custodian can prove its Bitcoin holdings are more than a predefined threshold…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Yusuf Ozmiş

With the widespread adoption of Zero-Knowledge Proof systems, particularly ZK-SNARK, the efficiency of proof generation, encompassing both the witness generation and proof computation phases, has become a significant concern. While…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-26 Zheming Ye , Xiaodong Qi , Zhao Zhang , Cheqing Jin

Public blockchains impose an inherent tension between regulatory compliance and user privacy. Existing on-chain identity solutions require centralized KYC attestors, specialized hardware, or Decentralized Identifier (DID) frameworks needing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-01 Yeongju Bak

The increasing deployment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for military, commercial, and logistics applications has raised significant concerns regarding flight path privacy. Conventional UAV communication systems often expose flight path…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Shayesta Naziri , Xu Wang , Guangsheng Yu , Christy Jie Liang , Wei Ni