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When using LLMs to rank items based on given criteria, or evaluate answers, the order of candidate items can influence the model's final decision. This sensitivity to item positioning in a LLM's prompt is known as position bias. Prior…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-25 Ali Vardasbi , Gustavo Penha , Claudia Hauff , Hugues Bouchard

Learning human preferences in language models remains fundamentally challenging, as reward modeling relies on subtle, subjective comparisons or shades of gray rather than clear-cut labels. This study investigates the limits of current…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-03 Simona-Vasilica Oprea , Adela Bâra

Human evaluation plays a crucial role in Natural Language Processing (NLP) as it assesses the quality and relevance of developed systems, thereby facilitating their enhancement. However, the absence of widely accepted human evaluation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-13 Iva Bojic , Jessica Chen , Si Yuan Chang , Qi Chwen Ong , Shafiq Joty , Josip Car

A key challenge in MT evaluation is the inherent noise and inconsistency of human ratings. Regression-based neural metrics struggle with this noise, while prompting LLMs shows promise at system-level evaluation but performs poorly at…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-21 Shaomu Tan , Christof Monz

As large language models (LLMs) become integral to intelligent user interfaces (IUIs), their role as decision-making agents raises critical concerns about alignment. Although extensive research has addressed issues such as factuality, bias,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-04-23 Anna Karnysheva , Christian Drescher , Dietrich Klakow

Large Language Model-enhanced Recommender Systems (LLM-enhanced RSs) have emerged as a powerful approach to improving recommendation quality by leveraging LLMs to generate item representations. Despite these advancements, the integration of…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Jiaming Zhang , Yuyuan Li , Yiqun Xu , Li Zhang , Xiaohua Feng , Zhifei Ren , Chaochao Chen

The "LLM-as-a-Judge" paradigm, using Large Language Models (LLMs) as automated evaluators, is pivotal to LLM development, offering scalable feedback for complex tasks. However, the reliability of these judges is compromised by various…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Qingquan Li , Shaoyu Dou , Kailai Shao , Chao Chen , Haixiang Hu

Large language models (LLMs) are currently aligned using techniques such as reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). However, these methods use scalar rewards that can only reflect user preferences on average. Pluralistic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-13 Jadie Adams , Brian Hu , Emily Veenhuis , David Joy , Bharadwaj Ravichandran , Aaron Bray , Anthony Hoogs , Arslan Basharat

Large language models (LLMs) garner significant attention for their unprecedented performance, leading to an increasing number of researches evaluating LLMs. However, these evaluation benchmarks are limited to assessing the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-21 Yu Sun , Keyu Chen , Shujie Wang , Peiji Li , Qipeng Guo , Hang Yan , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang , Dahua Lin

In aligning large language models (LLMs), utilizing feedback from existing advanced AI rather than humans is an important method to scale supervisory signals. However, it is highly challenging for AI to understand human intentions and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Rong Bao , Rui Zheng , Shihan Dou , Xiao Wang , Enyu Zhou , Bo Wang , Qi Zhang , Liang Ding , Dacheng Tao

Evaluating user-facing AI applications remains a central challenge, especially in open-ended domains such as travel planning, clinical note generation, or dialogue. The gold standard is user feedback (e.g., thumbs up/down) or behavioral…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-22 Michael J. Ryan , Yanzhe Zhang , Amol Salunkhe , Yi Chu , Di Xu , Diyi Yang

Reranking is fundamental to information retrieval and retrieval-augmented generation, with recent Large Language Models (LLMs) significantly advancing reranking quality. Most current works rely on large-scale LLMs (>7B parameters),…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Xianming Li , Aamir Shakir , Rui Huang , Tsz-fung Andrew Lee , Julius Lipp , Benjamin Clavié , Jing Li

Large language models (LLMs) distinguish themselves from previous technologies by functioning as collaborative ``thought partners,'' capable of engaging more fluidly in natural language on a range of tasks. As LLMs increasingly influence…

Recent studies have demonstrated that large language models (LLMs) exhibit significant biases in evaluation tasks, particularly in preferentially rating and favoring self-generated content. However, the extent to which this bias manifests…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Yen-Shan Chen , Jing Jin , Peng-Ting Kuo , Chao-Wei Huang , Yun-Nung Chen

AI-based peer review systems tend to produce shallow and overpraising suggestions compared to human feedback. Here, we evaluate how well a reasoning LLM trained with multi-objective reinforcement learning (REMOR) can overcome these…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-30 Pawin Taechoyotin , Daniel Acuna

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have been remarkable, with new models consistently surpassing their predecessors. These advancements are underpinned by extensive research on various training mechanisms. Among these,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-12 Hansle Gwon , Imjin Ahn , Young-Hak Kim , Sanghyun Park , Tae Joon Jun

Recent studies have used both automatic metrics and human evaluations to assess the simplification abilities of LLMs. However, the suitability of existing evaluation methodologies for LLMs remains in question. First, the suitability of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Xuanxin Wu , Yuki Arase

Automatic grading of subjective questions remains a significant challenge in examination assessment due to the diversity in question formats and the open-ended nature of student responses. Existing works primarily focus on a specific type…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Fanwei Zhua , Jiaxuan He , Xiaoxiao Chen , Zulong Chen , Quan Lu , Chenrui Mei

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being used to simulate human-like decision making in agent-based financial market models (ABMs). As models become more powerful and accessible, researchers can now incorporate individual LLM…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-29 Alicia Vidler , Toby Walsh

Automated evaluation leveraging large language models (LLMs), commonly referred to as LLM evaluators or LLM-as-a-judge, has been widely used in measuring the performance of dialogue systems. However, the self-preference bias in LLMs has…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Koki Wataoka , Tsubasa Takahashi , Ryokan Ri